专题5.非谓语动词之动词-ing形式

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动词-ing 形式

动词-ing 的用法

观察和分析以下句子并总结归纳动词-ing 的用法

1. What kind of plant would you like to try growing?

2. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.

3. He saw the great need for increasing the rice output.

4. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.

5. Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.

6. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.

7. He doesn’t care about being famous.

8. He enjoys listening to violin music.

9. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.

10. Just dreaming for things, however, cost nothing.

11. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as

wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.

12. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he

could walk.

13. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off.

14. He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary every day task.

15. No one was ever bored watching him—his subtle acting made everything entertaining.

16. He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick.

17. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.

18. He grew more and more popular as his charming character.

19. Yesterday, another students and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital

International Airport to meet this year’s international students.

20. I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.

21. I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.

22. Akira bowed so his nose touched George’s moving hand.

23. Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another person.

一.概述

动词-ing 形式包括了传统语法中所说的动名词(gerund)和现在分词(present participle)。所有行为动词都有-

ing 形式。情态动词和助动词（除 be，have 外）没有-ing 形式。

意义相当于于一个名词：在句中像名词那样可以充当主语、宾语、或表语。还可以作定语。

动名词

动词的特征：有自己的宾语，自己的时态和语态变化，还可以保留自己的逻辑主语。

语态：表示主动意义，与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系，the rising sun

现在分词

时态：表示进行(短暂性，正在发生)的动作；falling leaves; a sleeping child

还表示一般（持久性）的动作，a promising young man; an understanding man

二. 动词-ing 形式的时态与语态

主动语态被动语态

一般式 writing being written

完成式 having written having been written

（1）动词的-ing 形式时态

一般式：一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词之

后。I saw them playing under a big tree.

We met an accident, causing the delay.

完成时：完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。Not having received a reply, he decided

to write again.

（2）动词的-ing 形式的语态

动词的-ing 形式有主动和被动两种形式，主动式通常表示它的逻辑主语是其动作的执行者；被动式通常表

示逻辑主语是动作的承受者时。

① 主动语态: His often coming late made his boss very angry.

Walking in the street yesterday afternoon, he came across Mr. Smith.

② 被动语态: I noticed the boy being beaten by his mother

Having been cheated many times, she now believes in nobody.

在形容词 worth 之后的动名词: The film is well worth reading.

③ 动词的-ing 形式在动词 want, need, require 后跟动名词的主动形式:

主动式表被动含义 The room requires cleaning. =The room requires to be cleaned.

三. 动词-ing 形式的否定式

动词-ing 形式的否定是在动名词前加 not。

I'm sorry for not finishing my task on time.

Not knowing his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.

四. 动词-ing 形式（动名词）的复合结构

名词所有格

+ 动词-ing

形容词性物主代词

Our studying English well is very important

主语 His coming made us happy.

Huang Hong’s having learned English well helps her find a good job.

I dislike his/him playing the piano in the room.

I dislike Zhang Li’s / Zhang Li playing the piano in the room.

宾语 Can you imagine their team winning the game?

He was awakened by someone knocking on the door.

总结归纳：

1. 动名词的复合结构在句中作主语，最好用所有格形式。

2. .动名词的复合结构在句中作宾语时，用普通格或所有格均可。

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