专题11 现代科技（3）-2021年高考英语阅读理解话题分类训练

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（1）江苏省启东中学 2020-2021 学年度九月第一学期期初考试之 C篇

Before the end of the year, employees at Ubiquitous Energy, a company in Redwood City, Calif, will gather in

a window-lined conference room to stare toward the future. That’s because their new glass windows will offer more

than an amazing view of the North California landscape. They will also be able to power the company’s lights,

computers and air conditioners.

Several years in the making, Ubiquitous’ energy-producing glass is a remarkable technological achievement.

Its power lies in the layers of organic polymers (聚合物) between sheets of glass. As light enters the window,the

flow of electrons between the polymer layers creates an electric current, which is then collected by tiny wires in the

glass.

“It’s sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse ( 反过来 ),” says Veeral Hardev, director of

business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “Instead of electricity being shuttled to different points in a display to

light them up, light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in the window.”

Right now the windows produce about a third as much electricity from a given amount of sunlight as the

typical solar cells used in roof panels (板).These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, don’t work

as well as transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly. As for the

lower output of electricity, he notes that windows can cover a much greater surface area than a roof, so numerous

windows will produce a surprisingly larger amount of electricity than the production from a rooftop full of higher-

efficiency solar panels. “You could do both.” says Hardev. “But you’ll get more from the windows. The biggest

challenge, he adds, is increasing the windows from less than two square feet currently to about 50 square feet.”

28. What makes the new glass windows special?

A. They can offer an amazing view. B. They are controlled by computers.

C. They can power the conference room. D. They can help stare toward the future.

29. What is Hardev trying to explain in Paragraph 3?

A. The source of light.

B. The significance of different points.

C. The similarity of computer and glass.

D. The working principle of energy-producing glass.

30. What can affect power production according to the passage?

A. The transparency of the glass. B. The quality of the rooftop.

C. The height of the solar panels. D. The thickness of the glass.

31. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Windows: A New Challenge of Technology

B. Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the Light

C. Power: A Pressing Problem in the Near Future

D. Power: Not Enough from Rooftop Solar Panels

【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B

【解析】

本文是说明文。文章讲述了 Ubiquitous Energy 公司研发出的新玻璃窗不仅可以让光线进入屋内，它们还可

以为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。

【28 题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的 They will also be able to power the company’s lights, computers and air

conditioners.可知，它们还能够为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。由此可知，新的玻璃窗与众不同的是它们

可以为会议室供电。故选 C。

【29 题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “It’s sort of like a transparent computer display run in reverse ( 反过来),” says

Veeral Hardev, director of business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “Instead of electricity being shuttled to

different points in a display to light them up, light is producing electricity to be shuttled out of different points in

the window. ”可知，“这有点像一台反向运行的透明电脑显示器，”Ubiquitous Energy 的业务开发主管维洛

拉•哈德夫表示。他说：“不是把电传送到显示器的不同点来点亮它们，而是把产生的电从窗口的不同点

传送出去。”由此可知，哈德夫在第三段中想要解释的是产生电能的新玻璃窗的工作原理。故选 D。

【30 题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中的 These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, don’t work as well as

transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly.可知，这些窗户的

透明度只有普通玻璃的一半，但却不如透明玻璃那么好用。哈德夫说，公司可能会大幅提高透明度。由此

可知，玻璃的透明度会影响发电量。故选 A。

【31 题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，Ubiquitous Energy 公司研发出的新玻璃窗不仅可以让光线进入

屋内，它们还可以为公司的灯，计算机和空调供电。因此 B项Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the

Light(窗户：不再只是为了让光线进来)符合文章内容，可以作为最佳标题。故选 B。

（2）无锡市第一中学 2020—2021 学年度第一学期初检测试卷之 C 篇

One evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in

Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That’s when she heard the whistle sounded by the

driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her

car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.

Ceely’s near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS (导航仪). She had never driven the route

before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS

but it made no mention of the crossing. “I

put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train,” she told the BBC.

Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceely’s story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the

finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too

often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And it’s not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a

tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.

The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses on digital technology,

while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map.

Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor

singalling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something

specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesn’t say.

It’s a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced

techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of

figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again not all new locks

have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing

social circumstances. Or some combination of these factors.

The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and

psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of

technology.

If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines.

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