专题08 世界与环境（1）-2021年高考英语阅读理解话题分类训练

3.0 envi 2025-03-04 5 4 73.12KB 10 页 3知币

侵权投诉

（1）2021届“武汉襄阳荆门宜昌四地六校考试联盟”高三起点联考之A篇

Mother Nature is a cruel mistress. Why? Read on to find the answer.

Venice

This iconic city is sinking rapidly. The canals that make up the streets of Venice rise 2mm every year, making

relics of history go under the surface of water and destroying architecture. Experts warn that without

intervention(干预), this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate, consumed by rising sea level

from melting polar ice caps.

Machu Picchu

These iconic ruins have drawn adventurous tourists into the mountains of South America. The forces of natural

erosion( 侵蚀 )have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot

traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins,

making the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.

Glacier National park

Perhaps you've heard that the ice caps are melting. But nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in

Glacier National Park. Estimates indicate that the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will

disappear entirely in the next two decades.

The Great Barrier Reef

Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. Nearly fifty percent

of coral which once occupied a large area is gone, destroyed by pollution and disease.

1. What can we learn about Machu Picchu?

A. It's famous for cable cars.

B. It has no convenient traffic.

C. It's well preserved by the locals.

D. It bears a heavy burden of tourism.

2. Which place probably needs visitors to dive into the water to enjoy its beauty?

A. Venice. B. Machu Picchu.

C. Glacier National Park. D. The Great Barrier Reef.

3. What do the above attractions have in common?

A. They all have a long history.

B. They're all threatened by climate.

C. They're all in danger of disappearing.

D. They're all well-known for natural scenery.

【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C

【解析】

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了面临着消失危险的四个著名景点。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据 Machu Picchu 部分下的 The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism

and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested

a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins, making the site instantly accessible to millions but

the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.(旅游业加速了自然侵蚀，这个具有里程碑意义的地方正面临着

步行带来的严重影响。秘鲁政府最近建议使用缆车，这样就可以减少到遗址的徒步旅行，让数百万人立即

进入遗址，但马丘比丘的未来仍不确定。)可知，因为巨大的旅游负担，马丘比丘遗址受到了人类步行参观

时所带来的毁灭性影响。D. It bears a heavy burden of tourism.(它承受着旅游业带来的巨大压力。)符合以上

说法，故选 D项。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据 The Great Barrier Reef 部分下的 Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef

has been rapidly dying off.(隐藏在波浪之下，大堡礁正在迅速消亡。)可推测，游客需要潜入海中才能领略大

堡礁的美。故选 D项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据 Venice 部分下的 This iconic city is sinking rapidly. 和this city will disappear back into the

water at an even faster rate 可知，威尼斯正在迅速下沉，将以很快的速度被海水淹没；根据 Machu Picchu 部

分下的 The forces of natural erosion( 侵蚀 )have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe

influence from increasing foot traffic.可知，过重的旅游负担正在加速马丘比丘的自然侵蚀；根据 Glacier

National park 部分下的 Perhaps you’ve heard that the ice caps are melting.可知，冰川国家公园正在融化；根据

The Great Barrier Reef 部分下的 Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly

dying off. 可知，大堡礁正在迅速消亡。即文章提到的四个景点所面临的共同问题是，它们都有消失的危险。

C. They’re all in danger of disappearing.(它们都面临着消失的危险)符合以上说法，故选 C项。

（2）江苏省扬州市 2021 届高三上学期期初学情调研之 C篇

A ten-year-old sperm whale( 抹香鲸）was found dead on a beach in Scotland. A necropsy(尸检）revealed

that nearly 100 kilograms of plastic and other trash had formed clumps(硬块）in its digestive system. The tragedy

quickly made headlines. Why would a top predator in the ocean eat gloves, rope, and plastic cups?

Conventional wisdom suggests that marine animals eat plastic because it is there and they don't know any

better. It is true that plastic may smell like food to some of them. But that doesn't explain why only certain types of

whales-deep-diving toothed whales, such as sperm whales and pilot whales-turn up dead on beaches with stomachs

full of plastic.

It's possible, says Savoca, that plastic trash sounds like food to toothed whales. These species hunt deep in the

ocean, sometimes nearly 500 meters below the surface, where it's pitch black(漆黑）.They use echolocation(回声

定位）to hunt for food, typically squid(乌贼）。

By contrast, baleen whales(须鲸），including humpbacks and blue whales, have natural filters(过滤器）for

their food. Baleen, the brush-like filter-feeding system they have in place of teeth, as well as their narrow throats,

keeping them from swallowing anything much larger than the krill(磷虾群）that forms the basis of their diet. That

could help explain why baleen whales are not ending up with plastic filled stomachs.

Fifty years ago, there was almost no plastic in the ocean. The lifespan of a large whale can be twice that long.

In the lifetime of a single whale, we went from an ocean with no plastic to hundreds of thousands of tons of it.

Plastic comes on top of other factors affecting life in the ocean-climate change, overfishing, shipping traffic, and

noise pollution. "it's a real shame because their lives are challenging enough even without the additional pressure

we put onto them," says Savoca.

8. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A. That plastic smells like food to toothed whales.

B. That marine animals started to eat plastic decades ago.

C. That a number of toothed whales are found dead on beaches every year.

D. That conventional wisdom about why marine animals eat plastic doesn't apply to all whales.

9. Which of the following statements DOESN'T explain why toothed whales are more easily harmed by plastic

pollution than baleen whales?

A. They don't feed on krill.

B. They live in the dark depths of the ocean.

C. They are not born with brush-like filter-feeding systems.

D. They don't determine the location of their food with their eyes.

10. What does the author want to emphasize in the last paragraph?

A. Whales have a longer lifespan than humans.

B. Plastic has a negative effect on climate change.

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

3 知币 4人已下载

立即下载

标签： #英语阅读

专题08 世界与环境（1）-2021年高考英语阅读理解话题分类训练.doc

共10页,预览3页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

专题08 世界与环境（1）-2021年高考英语阅读理解话题分类训练

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

作者详情

相关内容

推荐作者

热门标签

举报选择: