专题07阅读理解（议论文）--2021年新高考英语题型分类研读与训练 （真题+新题）（解析版）

3.0 envi 2025-03-04 31 4 104KB 17 页 3知币
侵权投诉
07 阅读理解-议论文/夹叙夹议文
一．考点综述
阅读理解议论文/夹叙夹议文在每年的高考阅读理解中占有一定的比例。一般由论点、论据和
论证过程组成。议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充分的证据，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得
出结论。
阅读理解议论文涵盖文化、历史、文学、科学和教育等各个方面。在这类体裁的文章中把握
好论点、论据和论证很重要。此类体裁的文章中有关主旨大意和推理判断的题目会较多，这也是得
分比较难的题型。在阅读这类文章的时候，我们要认真把握作者的态度，领悟弦外之音，从而更好
地依据文章的事实做出合理的推断。
二．真题再现
Passage1
【2020·天津卷】
After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between
men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an
outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two
belong together.
Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not
merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed
their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent,
“Why? Why? Why?”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only
recapture them.
“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do
lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd
desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark,
to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we
1
think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves
to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t
arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the
experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t;
there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no
time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom’s Cabin while cooking.
You’re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that
Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more
alive than you are at this moment.
51．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________.
A．propose a definition
B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion
D．present an argument
52．What does the example of Galileo tell us?
A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C．Creativity results from challenging authority.
D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
53．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent?
A．Observe the unknown around you.
B．Develop a questioning mind.
C．Lead a life of adventure.
D．Follow the fashion.
54．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.
B．The genius tends to get things done creatively.
C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
2
D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
55．What could be the best tile or the passage?
A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B．Reflections on Human Nature
C．The Keys to Achievement
D．Never Too Late to Learn
【答案】51．D52．D53．B54．C55．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段内容 After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two
qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity
and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an
average man who had both. The two belong together.可知，作者经过多年对人性的观察，认为成就非
凡的人和平庸的人的区别在于好奇心和不满足，而且两者是相辅相成的。由此推知，作者写第一段
的目的是提出一个论点。故选 D。
52．推理判断题。根据第二段中的 Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in
discontent, “Why? Why? Why?”可知，像伽利略一样，历史上所有的伟人都感到好奇，并不满地问：
“为什么？为什么？为什么？”由此推知，伽利略的例子告诉我们，伟大来自于持久的探索欲望。
故选 D。
53．细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in
discontent, “Why? Why? Why?”及第四段中的“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not
lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We
just follow the crowd.可知，历史上所有的伟人都感到好奇，并不满地问：“为什么？为什么？为什
么？”孟子认为“不失去孩子的心，就是伟大的人。”然而，我们大多数人确实失去了它。我们不
再问问题。我们不再挑战习俗。我们只是随大流。由此可知，你可以通过培养了一个善于提问的头
脑，来重新获得好奇心和不满。故选 B。
54．推理判断题。根据第六段中的 How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
及第七段中的 You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You
haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done.以及列举
了Thomas Costain 在57 岁时出版了他的第一部小说，Grandma Moses 在78 岁时展示了她的第一批
照片。由此可知，这两段想告诉我们“缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由”。故选 C。
3
专题07阅读理解（议论文）--2021年新高考英语题型分类研读与训练 （真题+新题）（解析版）.doc

共17页,预览5页

还剩页未读， 继续阅读

相关推荐

更多
立即下载
作者：envi 分类：高中 价格：3知币 属性：17 页 大小：104KB 格式：DOC 时间：2025-03-04

开通VIP享超值会员特权

  • 多端同步记录
  • 高速下载文档
  • 免费文档工具
  • 分享文档赚钱
  • 每日登录抽奖
  • 优质衍生服务

作者详情

相关内容

更多

推荐作者

热门标签

大联考 高考地理 英语真题 听力 语法填空 石家庄 数学竞赛 读后续写 英语阅读 深圳中学
/ 17
评分 收藏
分享
立即下载
客服
关注