专题05 科普知识（2）-2021年高考英语阅读理解话题分类训练

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（5）2020-2021 学年度武汉市部分学校高三起点质量检测之 C 篇

When you really love a book, or have just scored a new one that you’re dying to read, it can be exciting to pick

up a smooth, shiny hardcover copy that creaks a little bit when you open it. But those hardcover books can be

heavy, and new ones aren’t cheap, either. Sometimes, you’d just rather have a portable paperback—but if it’s a new

book you’re after, you might have to wait a full year or so to get it in paperback form. Why are books released as

hardcovers first?

Not so long ago, hardcover books were the only type of books. Before the appearance of mass production,

print runs were limited, and books were hard-bound and expensive. Around the 1930s, that changed with the

production of mass-produced paperback books, which consisted with a huge surge in reading as a leisure activity

around World War II. Paperback books were more affordable and cheaper to produce, which still holds true today.

Despite the seeming advantages of paperbacks, there are several reasons why the hardcover has persisted.

Because of its history, it conveys a bit more legitimacy (正统性) in the book world than the paperback does.” The

hardback is a mark of quality…it shows booksellers and reviewers that this is a book worth paying attention to,”

Philip Jones, editor at the Bookseller, explains to The Guardian.

But the major reason why books come out as hardeovers is that people buy them, despite their higher cost. The

Economist compares it to movies being released in theaters several months before they arrive on DVD. “Just as

film fans like to see films on the big screen, collectors enjoy the hardback’s superior quality,” according to The

Economist. And because they’re profitable, publishers can gain more from hardcovers, which “will often sell at

twice the price of their paperback equivalent but do not cost twice as much to produce,” Jones explains.

8. What can we learn about hardcover books from paragraph1?

A. They appeal to real book-lovers. B. They are heavy but not expensive.

C. They take a long time to come out. D. They are not preferred by book-lovers.

9. What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Drop. B. Success.

C. Blow. D. Increase.

10. Why are hardback books still printed today?

A. They are brilliantly edited. B. They are worth collecting.

C. They convey correct information. D. They sell better than paperbacks.

11. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To introduce hardcover books. B. To present a new social finding.

C. To explain a confusing problem. D. To encourage people to read books.

【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。精装书比平装书更贵，但是为什么书籍首先以精装书的形式发行呢？文章主要就此现

象解释了精装书和平装书演变的历史，以及如今仍印刷精装书的原因。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中 When you really love a book, or have just scored a new one that you’re dying to

read, it can be exciting to pick up a smooth, shiny hardcover copy that creaks a little bit when you open it.可知当你

真的很喜欢一本书，或者刚刚得到一本你非常想读的新书时，拿起一本光滑、闪亮的精装书是一件令人兴

奋的事情，当你打开它的时候，它会吱吱作响。由此可知，精装书吸引了真正的图书爱好者。故选 A。

【

9题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词上文 Around the 1930s, that changed with the production of mass-produced paperback

books 以及后文 in reading as a leisure activity around World War II 可知大约在 20 世纪 30 年代，随着大量生产

的平装书的生产，加上在第二次世界大战前后，将阅读作为一种休闲活动的人数量增多了，所以都是精装

书的情况发生了变化。由此可知，划线词意思为“增加”。A. Drop.落下；B. Success.成功；C. Blow.吹；

D. Increase.增加。故选 D。

【10 题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ Just as film fans like to see films on the big screen, collectors enjoy the

hardback’s superior quality,” according to The Economist.可知《经济学人》称：“就像影迷喜欢在大屏幕上看

电影一样，收藏者也喜欢精装书的高品质。”由此可知，精装书到今天还在印刷，因为它们值得收藏。故

选B。

【11 题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 Why are books released as hardcovers first?可知为什么书籍首先以精装书

的形式发行？结合文章说明了精装书比平装书更贵，但是为什么书籍首先以精装书的形式发行呢？文章主

要就此现象解释了精装书和平装书演变的历史，以及如今仍印刷精装书的原因。由此可推知，这篇文章的

主要目的是为了解释一个令人困惑的问题。故选 C。

（6）江苏省苏州四市五区 2020~2021 学年第一学期高三期初调研试卷之 B篇

The universe likes to be shy about its age, but astronomers believe they have a pretty good idea of the range.

Currently, the most widely accepted age for the universe is around 13.8 billion years, but determining the age

of...well, everything, is no easy feat( 功绩） .Now ，new studies have investigated the question using different

methods-and they've come up with two different answers, separated by more than a billion years.

Because the universe is expanding at an accelerating pace, the further away an object is, the faster it appears to

be moving away from us. This is expressed as the Hubble constant（哈勃常数），and it's a key factor in figuring

out the age of the universe. After all ，if we can determine how fast moving away from us, we can rewind that

process to its beginning-the Big Bang. Researchers from the University of Oregon set out to map the distance to

dozens of galaxies The team calculated that the universe is only 12.6 billion years old-that, you might notice is

much younger than the 13.8 years usually stated.

In the second study, the method of figuring out the age of the universe is by mapping the oldest light we can

detect. We are restoring the' baby photo' of the universe to its original condition, removing the wear and tear of time

and space that distorted(扭曲）the image, says Neelima Sehgal, co-author on the study. Only by seeing this sharper

baby photo or image of the universe can we more fully understand how our universe was born. In doing so, the

researcher determined that the universe is 13.8 billion years old-in agreement with the accepted age.

The real problem though, is that the studies disagree so wildly with each other, to the tune of a billion years.

But they are not the only ones-the battle lines are commonly drawn by the methods used. Obviously, more research

is heeded to determine where the truth lies.

4. What do we know about the universe from the first two paragraphs?

A. It doesn't exist long. B. It becomes larger.

C. It runs away. D. It causes the Big Bang.

5. What makes the researchers in the first study think the universe is much younger?

A. The speed of moving objects. B. The number of galaxies.

C. The process of the universe evolution. D. The distance to other objects.

6. How does Neelima Sehgal explain their method in the second study?

A. By referring to a similar thing. B. By using hard scientific data.

C. By introducing a new concept. D. By quoting an expert's words.

7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Whose method is better? B. Which result can you believe?

C. How old is the universe? D. Why is the universe so old?

【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述宇宙的寿命。

【4题详解】

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