假期提分组合高效练05(解析版）-备战高考英语假期提分组合高效练（完形填空+阅读理解+语法填空）

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备战 2021 年高考英语假期提分组合高效练 05

（完形填空+阅读理解+语法填空）

一、完形填空

In a recent meeting we attended, the word “culture” came up 27 times in 90 minutes. Business leaders all

believe a strong organizational culture is 1 to success, yet culture tends to feel like some magic force that few

know how to control. In our study, we find that answering the following three questions can help transform culture

from a mystery to a(n) 2 :

How does culture drive performance?

After analyzing 50 major companies, we came to one conclusion: 3 we work determines how well we

work. The companies most famous for their cultures maximize the positive motives ( 动机), while minimizing the

negative ones.

The six main reasons for which people work are “play, purpose, potential, emotional pressure, economic

pressure, and inertia (惯性)”. The latter three motives tend to 4 performance. That is because those people are

no longer thinking about work. They’re thinking about the disappointment, or the 5 , or why they’re bothering to

do it at all. They don’t 6 the quality of the work itself. By contrast, a high-performing 7 always maximizes

the play, purpose, and potential, which is known as creating total motivation.

What is culture worth?

While it is 8 to measure whether someone is being creative, it’s relatively easy to calculate total motivation

of an organization. Take for example the airline industry. All airline companies share the same terminals and use the

same planes, but customer satisfaction 9 widely across airlines. When we measured the total motivation of

employees of four major airlines, and compared the result with customer satisfaction, we saw that an airline’s

culture closely 10 customer satisfaction. 11 , cultures that inspired more play, purpose, and potential

produced better customer outcomes, and in turn generated more profits.

What elements in an organization 12 motivation?

By surveying thousands of workers, we found the most sensitive element is whether an organization can allow

an employee to 13 with its mission and behavioral code. For example, Medtronic enables its engineers to see

how the medical devices they’ve designed are used in hospitals, so that they can see the purpose of their work. An

executive of Walmart, the well-known supermarket, told us that in monthly meetings he always emphasized how

much Walmart had saved for the 14 —rather than how much money Walmart had made.

A great culture is not easy to build. Leaders have to treat culture building as an engineering project, not a 15

one.

1. A. resistant B. critical C. inferior D. subject

2. A. science B. restriction C. tradition D. instinct

3. A. how B. when C. why D. whether

4. A. encourage B. assess C. distinguish D. hurt

5. A. display B. reward C. mystery D. wit

6. A. care about B. make out C. set aside D. put up

7. A. potential B. technique C. culture D. reform

8. A. essential B. difficult C. bold D. valid

9. A. functions B. differs C. revolves D. pioneers

10. A. resembled B. justified C. predicted D. exploited

11. A. By contrast B. In the end C. As usual D. In other words

12. A. protest B. affect C. lose D. substitute

13. A. identify B. coincide C. tremble D. interact

14. A. customers B. employers C. engineers D. spectators

15. A. mutual B. delicate C. magical D. precise

【答案】1. B2. A3. C4. D5. B6. A7. C8. B9. B10. C11. D12. B13. A14. A15. C

【分析】这是一篇说明文。商业领袖都相信强大的组织文化是成功的关键，但文化往往感觉像某种魔力，

很少有人知道如何控制。文章主要从文化如何推动公司员工表现、文化的价值以及组织中会影响动机的因

素三个方面对企业文化建设进行了说明。

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：商业领袖都相信强大的组织文化是成功的关键，但文化往往感觉像某种魔力，

很少有人知道如何控制。A. resistant 抵抗的；B. critical 关键的，批评的；C. inferior 差的；D. subject 受…

…支配的。结合上文“In a recent meeting we attended, the word “culture” came up 27 times in 90 minutes.”可推

知会议中反复提到“文化”这个词，说明“文化”很重要，商业领袖都相信强大的组织文化是成功的关键。

故选 B。

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们的研究中，我们发现回答以下三个问题可以帮助文化从一种神秘变成一

种科学。A. science 科学；B. restriction 限制；C. tradition 传统；D. instinct 本能。根据上文“culture tends to

feel like some magic force that few know how to control. In our study, we find that answering the following three

questions can help transform culture from a mystery to”可知上文提到文化往往感觉像某种魔力，很少有人知道

如何控制，所以这项研究是为了帮助把文化从一种神秘变成一种大家都能理解的科学。故选 A。

考查连词词义辨析。句意：在分析了 50 家大公司之后，我们得出了一个结论：我们为何工作决定了我们工

作的好坏。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为何，为什么”应用 why。故选 C。

考查动词词义辨析。句意：后三个动机往往会损害工作表现。A. encourage 鼓励；B. assess 评定；C.

distinguish 区别；D. hurt 损害。根据后文“That is because those people are no longer thinking about work.”可

知后三个动机往往会损害人们的工作表现，因为它们会让人不再想着工作。故选 D。

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们想的是失望，或者好处，或者他们为什么要这么做。A. display 展示；B.

reward 奖励；C. mystery 神秘；D. wit 智慧。根据前后文语境“They’re thinking about the disappointment, or

the…, or why they’re bothering to do it at all.”可知，本句主要是在描述人们不再考虑工作，对工作的一些消

极想法，如想到的是失望、得到好处或者他们为什么要这么做。故选 B。

考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们不关心工作本身的质量。A. care about 关心；B. make out 理解；C. set aside

留出；D. put up 提供。根据后文“the quality of the work itself”可知指关心工作本身的质量。故选 A。

考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，高绩效的文化总是最大限度地发挥作用、目的和潜力，这就是所谓

的创造整体动机。A. potential 潜能；B. technique 技术；C. culture 文化；D. reform 改革。结合上文“The

companies most famous for their cultures maximize the positive motives, while minimizing the negative ones.”可

知，此处是在讨论高绩效的组织文化。故选 C。

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然很难衡量一个人是否有创造力，但计算一个组织的整体动机却相对容易。

A. essential 基本的；B. difficult 困难的；C. bold 大胆的；D. valid 有效的。根据后文“it’s relatively easy to

calculate total motivation of an organization.”可知与后文计算一个组织的整体动机相对容易相对应的，衡量一

个人是否有创造力很困难。故选 B。

考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的航空公司都共用相同的终点站，使用相同的飞机，但不同航空公司的客

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假期提分组合高效练05(解析版）-备战高考英语假期提分组合高效练（完形填空+阅读理解+语法填空）.doc

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