专题51.语法填空——一看两思（学生版）---2023届高三英语总复习（通用版）

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语法填空——一看两思

[做考题·明考情]　

2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___61___

(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.

On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a

car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International

Cooperation ___63___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient

Silk Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.

Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao

believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000

plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.

In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the

top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.

Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700

kilometers ___69___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____70____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.

2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United

Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese

Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.

The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main

promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China

has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It

can help to build a community with a ___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.

The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for

people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural

exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the

initiative.

___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional

activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six

hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.

The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening _____70_____

(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.

分析全国卷近三年的考点分布可以看出，语法填空考点设置有如下特点：

一、有提示词类：设置 6～7个小题

高频

考点

谓语动词 1～2题。考查时态、语态及主谓一致，其中涉及语态方面的不超过 1题，

答案最多三个单词。

非谓语动词 1～2题。考查不定式、动名词与分词，每种最多设 1题。

派生词 1～3题。考查方式有动词派生为名词、名词派生为形容词或动词、形容词

派生为副词等。每种最多设 1题。

名词 0～1题。主要考查可数名词的复数，也可能会考查名词的所有格。

形容词和副词

类0～1题。主要考查形容词和副词词性的转换，以及其比较级或最高级。

低频

考点

代词：0～1题。一般给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容词性物主代

词、反身代词等。

二、无提示词类：设置 3～4个小题

高频

考点

介词 0～1题。重点考查常见介词的基本用法或固定搭配中的介词，一般不涉及短语

介词。

冠词 0～1题。重点考查冠词的特指、泛指用法或固定搭配中的冠词，一般不涉及零

冠词。

从属关联

词

0～2题。侧重于定语从句的引导词。此外，名词性从句、状语从句也偶有涉

及。

低频

考点

并列连词 0～1题。并列句的关联词也偶有涉及。

其他

0～1题。包括助动词(如强调谓语动词的 do, does, did；构成部分倒装的 do, does,

did；构成一般疑问句的 do, does, did)，构成强调结构的 it 或that，连接性副词

(before, ago, however, anyway ...)等。

[ 知考点 · 通技法 ] 　

一、“有提示词类”解题攻略

(一)高频考点之一：提示词为动词

1．考查谓语动词

解题

攻略

若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动

词就是谓语动词；此时，应先考虑时态，考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定

时态，然后考虑语态，最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题，来确定谓语动词的数。

典例 1

While running regularly can't make you

live forever, the review says it __64__

(be) more effective at lengthening life

than walking, cycling or swimming.

分析：分析句子结构可知，前半句是由 while

引导的让步状语从句，后半句是主句，主句中

含有一个宾语从句，即 it ...or swimming 作

says 的宾语。又因此处是对客观情况的描述，

应用一般现在时，再根据主谓一致原则可知，

应填 is。

典例 2

Diets have changed in China — and so too

has its top crop. Since 2011, the country

__61__ (grow) more corn than rice.

分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中

缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语 Since 2011 可

知，谓语动词需用现在完成时，根据句意可知

应用主动语态，再根据主谓一致原则可知填

has grown。

典例 3

The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds

that between 2005 — when the

government __68__ (start) a soiltesting

program that gives specific fertilizer

recommendations to farmers — and 2011,

fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

分析：分析句子结构可知，when the

government __68__ (start) a soiltesting

program 为关系副词 when 引导的定语从句，

先行词为 2005。通过分析定语从句可知从句中

缺少谓语动词，再根据时间状语 between 2005

可知应填一般过去时，根据句意可知需用主动

语态，故填 started。

2．考查非谓语动词

解题

攻略

若句中已有谓语动词，空处又不在句中作并列谓语时，所要填的通常是非谓语动词，

此时需进一步确定是非谓语动词的哪种形式。一般来说，作主语、宾语、表语、定语

通常用动名词形式；此外，doing 表示主动、正在进行；done 表示被动、完成；to do

表示尚未发生的动作。

典例 4

You don't have to run fast or for long

__62__ (see) the benefit. You may drink,

smoke, be overweight and still reduce your

risk of __63__ (die) early by running.

分析：第一句中已有谓语动词 don't have to

run，故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意

可知应填不定式 to see，作目的状语。第二

句中已有谓语动词 reduce，故空格处应为

非谓语动词。又因空格前有介词 of，结合

句意可知，应填 dying，作介词 of 的宾

语。

典例 5Another reason for corn's rise: The

government encourages farmers to grow

分析：句中已有谓语动词 encourages，故

空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应

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