专题6. 语法填空（教师版）

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语法填空策略讲练

1.积累基础词汇，掌握常用的短语

对于常用的、易错的词要多下功夫记忆，如动词过去式、过去分词的不规则变化，构词法中常见的词缀

等，都要熟记在心。

2．系统掌握语法知识，了解语法功能

学生要了解各项语法功能，要能够准确分析句子结构和句子成分。关于句法，学生要准确判断从句的类

型，并熟练掌握各种引导词的用法。

3．强化语篇意识，提高理解能力

平时可以选择一些难度中等的文章进行精读，研究文章的写作思路、结构特点等。与此同时，及时总结经

验，提高在语篇情境下的解题能力，从而提高解题准确率，取得理想的成绩。

一．有提示词

技法 1 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与其是并列关系时，所填动词就

是谓语动词，这时就要考虑时态和语态。

This coastal area was named (name) a national wildlife reserve last year.

She was phoning (phone) someone，so I nodded to her and went away.

技法 2 若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列关系时，所填动词通常是非谓语动词，这时就要确定是动词

的ing 形式，ed 形式，还是不定式形式。

(1)作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句尾。

To complete (complete) the project as planned，we'll have to work two more hours a day.

(2)作伴随状语一般用动词的ing 形式。

When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.

(3)非谓语动词作后置定语时，表示被动的、已完成的动作用过去分词；表示被动的、正在进行的动作

用being done；表示被动的、尚未进行的动作用 to be done。

词汇派生考查加前缀或后缀构成的派生词

词形转换

名词、代词的

数、格及反身

代词

名词主要考查单数变为复数，代词主要考查人称代词变为物主代词。另

外，还需关注反身代词。

比较等级主要考查形容词、副词变为比较级和最高级。

动词

动词的时态和

语态考查动词的时态、语态、语气和主谓一致等。

非谓语动词考查动词的ing 形式、ed 形式和不定式形式。

The bridge built (build) in 2012 was designed by a local company.

The bridge being built (build) now was designed by a local company.

The bridge to be built (build) next year was designed by a local company.

技法 3 当空格后所给的提示词是名词，且作主语或宾语时，通常考查该名词的复数形式。

For most of us the changes (change)are gradual.

We have a variety of emotions (emotion) like sadness，anger，fear，enthusiasm and happiness.

技法 4 当空格后所给的提示词是动词，并且所填的词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常考查该动词所派生出的

名词。

Once you reach that point in life，happiness and satisfaction (satisfy) can't be too far away.

These people have made great contributions (contribute) to China with their work.

技法 5 当空格后所给的提示词是形容词，并且所填的词在句中作状语，通常考查该形容词所派生出的副

词。

He was unhappy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant angrily (angry)．

So you see reading books is really (real) a wonderful hobby.

技法 6 当空格后所给的提示词是副词时，通常考查该副词的比较等级。

The harder (hard) you work，the greater progress you will make.

Why are you killing your time this way? You should find something that is better (well) worth doing.

例练 1

1.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top (attract)．

【答案】attraction　考查派生词。表示最具吸引力的地方，应用名词形式。

2.The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.

【答案】officially　考查派生词。修饰谓语部分应用副词形式。

3. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work ，you should take a step back and identify ( 识别 )those of

(great) and less importance.

【答案】greater　考查比较等级。本空所填之词与 less 是并列关系，应用比较级的形式。

4. Truly elegant chopsticks might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.

【答案】be made　考查情态动词之后的被动语态。chopsticks 与make 为动宾关系，应用被动语态，其构成

形式为“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”。

5．Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular)．

【答案】studies；regularly　考查名词的数与派生词。本句的谓语动词是 show，因此第一空的主语是名词

复数 studies；第二空应用副词 regularly 作状语，修饰动词短语 take short breaks。

6.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.

【答案】is　考查主谓一致。本句的主语是动名词短语 Leaving the less important things until tomorrow，是

单数，故谓语动词用 is。

7. If you find something you love doing outside of the office，you'll be less likely (bring) your work home.

【答案】to bring　考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“可能做某事”，故答案为 to

bring。

8. It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.

【答案】arrived　考查时态。由主句中的 was raining 可知，这里使用一般过去时。

9．To return to the problem of water pollution，I'd like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2012.

【答案】conducted　考查过去分词(短语)作定语。a study 与conduct 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作

后置定语。

10.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience， (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.

【答案】especially　考查副词。修饰句子应用副词形式。

11.Yoga does help people become (health)．

【答案】healthy　考查派生词。系动词 become 之后表示“变得怎样……”，应用形容词作表语，故填

healthy。

12.She took me from a poor ，unhappy college student and (bring) me into her world ，a world of

smiles，love and (warm)．

【答案】brought；warmth　考查动词时态和派生词。第一空所填之词与 took 为并列关系，应用过去式

brought；第二空与 smiles 和love 为并列关系，故填名词 warmth。

13.The developers say (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve realworld problems.

【答案】its　考查代词的格。代词修饰其后的名词 learning ability 应用所有格，故填 its。

14.At nineteen，he decided to devote (he) to music.

【答案】himself　考查反身代词。devote oneself to 为固定搭配，意为“致力于……”，故空格内应填反身

代词，与 he 相对应的是 himself。

15.He walked in as if he (buy) the school.

【答案】had bought　考查虚拟语气。as if 引导的状语从句中，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气动词用过去

完成时。

16.But that didn't prevent the boy from becoming one of the (great ) composers of all time.

【答案】greatest　考查比较等级。表示“最……之一”应用最高级，故用 greatest。

17.Expectedly，Jim (inform) that he got the job eventually.

【答案】was informed　考查语态。Jim 与inform 为动宾关系，再根据 got 可知，应用一般过去时的被动语

态，故用 was informed。

18.Do not carry too much money or (necessary) credit cards.

【答案】unnecessary　考查派生词。空格处应表示否定，意为“不必要的”，故用 unnecessary。

19.Before she could express her thanks to us my daughter gave her the food we (buy) for the trip.

【答案】had bought　考查时态。buy 所表示的动作应在 gave 所表示的动作之前，为“过去的过去”，故

用过去完成时。

20.The sightseeing options are (end)，but most travelers begin on the harbor at the Sydney Opera House.

【答案】endless　考查派生词。空格内所填之词作表语意为“相当多的，无休止的”，故用形容词

endless。

二．无提示词

介词介词与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。

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