专题6. 语法填空（学生版）

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语法填空策略讲练

1.积累基础词汇，掌握常用的短语

对于常用的、易错的词要多下功夫记忆，如动词过去式、过去分词的不规则变化，构词法中常见的词缀

等，都要熟记在心。

2．系统掌握语法知识，了解语法功能

学生要了解各项语法功能，要能够准确分析句子结构和句子成分。关于句法，学生要准确判断从句的类

型，并熟练掌握各种引导词的用法。

3．强化语篇意识，提高理解能力

平时可以选择一些难度中等的文章进行精读，研究文章的写作思路、结构特点等。与此同时，及时总结经

验，提高在语篇情境下的解题能力，从而提高解题准确率，取得理想的成绩。

一．有提示词

技法 1 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与其是并列关系时，所填动词就

是谓语动词，这时就要考虑时态和语态。

This coastal area was named (name) a national wildlife reserve last year.

She was phoning (phone) someone，so I nodded to her and went away.

技法 2 若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列关系时，所填动词通常是非谓语动词，这时就要确定是动词

的ing 形式，ed 形式，还是不定式形式。

(1)作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句尾。

To complete (complete) the project as planned，we'll have to work two more hours a day.

(2)作伴随状语一般用动词的ing 形式。

When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.

(3)非谓语动词作后置定语时，表示被动的、已完成的动作用过去分词；表示被动的、正在进行的动作

用being done；表示被动的、尚未进行的动作用 to be done。

词汇派生考查加前缀或后缀构成的派生词

词形转换

名词、代词的

数、格及反身

代词

名词主要考查单数变为复数，代词主要考查人称代词变为物主代词。另

外，还需关注反身代词。

比较等级主要考查形容词、副词变为比较级和最高级。

动词

动词的时态和

语态考查动词的时态、语态、语气和主谓一致等。

非谓语动词考查动词的ing 形式、ed 形式和不定式形式。

The bridge built (build) in 2012 was designed by a local company.

The bridge being built (build) now was designed by a local company.

The bridge to be built (build) next year was designed by a local company.

技法 3 当空格后所给的提示词是名词，且作主语或宾语时，通常考查该名词的复数形式。

For most of us the changes (change)are gradual.

We have a variety of emotions (emotion) like sadness，anger，fear，enthusiasm and happiness.

技法 4 当空格后所给的提示词是动词，并且所填的词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常考查该动词所派生出的

名词。

Once you reach that point in life，happiness and satisfaction (satisfy) can't be too far away.

These people have made great contributions (contribute) to China with their work.

技法 5 当空格后所给的提示词是形容词，并且所填的词在句中作状语，通常考查该形容词所派生出的副

词。

He was unhappy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant angrily (angry)．

So you see reading books is really (real) a wonderful hobby.

技法 6 当空格后所给的提示词是副词时，通常考查该副词的比较等级。

The harder (hard) you work，the greater progress you will make.

Why are you killing your time this way? You should find something that is better (well) worth doing.

例练 1

1.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top (attract)．

2.The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.

3. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work ，you should take a step back and identify ( 识别 )those of

(great) and less importance.

4. Truly elegant chopsticks might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.

5．Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular)．

6.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.

7. If you find something you love doing outside of the office，you'll be less likely (bring) your work home.

8. It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.

9．To return to the problem of water pollution，I'd like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2012.

10.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience， (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.

11.Yoga does help people become (health)．

12.She took me from a poor ，unhappy college student and (bring) me into her world ，a world of

smiles，love and (warm)．

13.The developers say (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve realworld problems.

14.At nineteen，he decided to devote (he) to music.

15.He walked in as if he (buy) the school.

16.But that didn't prevent the boy from becoming one of the (great ) composers of all time.

17.Expectedly，Jim (inform) that he got the job eventually.

18.Do not carry too much money or (necessary) credit cards.

19.Before she could express her thanks to us my daughter gave her the food we (buy) for the trip.

20.The sightseeing options are (end)，but most travelers begin on the harbor at the Sydney Opera House.

二．无提示词

介词介词与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。

冠词冠词的基本用法及固定搭配。

情态动词和助

动词情态动词与助动词的基本用法。

并列连词表示并列、因果、转折及选择等。

从句引导词定语从句、名词性从句及状语从句的引导词。

代词和名词人称代词、物主代词、指示代词和不定代词；名词主要考查固定短语。

语境填词表行为逻辑的副词 besides，however，therefore 等。

特殊句式及其

他

强调句型 it 和that 的考查；倒装句 only，so，neither，nor，never 等的考查；感

叹句中 what 和how 的考查；there be 结构中对 there 的考查等。

技法 1 在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，空白处一定是填代词。

We are going to the Museum of Natural History next weekend.Will you join us?

Sophia waited for a reply，but none came.

技法 2 名词前面若无限定词修饰，空白处很可能是填限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词等)。

The walk will last long，so you'd better bring a packed lunch.

The students have made up their minds to finish the project on time.

技法 3 名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面的空白处一定是填介词。

She owes her success to her parents' support.

To my anger，all of them went to the cinema without me.

技法 4 若两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，空白处一定是填并列连词或从属连词(引导定语从

句、名词性从句和状语从句)。

Mike was usually very careful，but this time he made a small mistake.

I still remember the day when I first came to our school.

I didn't realize what terrible mistakes I had made until the teacher told me.

If it is convenient for you，can you pick him up at the airport at 11：30 am?

技法 5 由特殊句式结构来判断空白处应填的词。

It is not what you say but what you do that matters.

Only in this way can the children grow up physically and mentally healthy.

例练 2

1．Most of us are more focused our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.

2．So，get an early start and try to be as productive possible before lunch.

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