浙江省宁波中学2024-2025学年高一上学期12月月考英语试卷 Word版含解析

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2024 宁波中学高一上 12 月月考英语试卷

第一节阅读理解(共12 题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 30 分)

TAMPA, Fla,—At USF, 21-year-old Alexander Mercier of Odessa, majored in mathematics and

microbiology, which leads him to start important research that may make him the school’s first Rhodes Scholar.

“I would say I am stubborn,” explained Mercier, who could hear as early as Saturday if he gets the honor. He

says the honor is due to more than just brains. Instead, it was determination that made him an accomplished

pianist. He says his biggest natural talent was drawing and he also has a love of art. But it was math that attracted

him and he wouldn’t let go. He was studying how math may help control the spread of diseases.

“I would sleep on the couch next to the computer,” he said. “I saw a gap in epidemiological (流行病学的)

research in the study of how diseases spread. I didn’t know at the time that it would become one of the most

important topics in the world.”

While his work is timely and important, there’s lots of competition. Eleven other finalists from this region of

the country are also vying for the honor. They attend schools like MIT, Stanford and the University of Chicago.

Mercier owes it to his school that he can have as good a chance as any of the others and he feels that USF has

prepared him well. If he doesn’t win the honor and get to study expense-free at Oxford, he says he’ll have many

options. “I will continue to do the work that I enjoy and that I think will benefit people,” he said.

Some are surprised that USF hasn’t had a previous Rhodes Scholar. However, many schools haven’t had one.

Only 32 are selected each year from across the nation. USF has only been in existence since 1956. By contrast, the

first classes at Oxford were held in 1096.

1. Why did Mercier choose to major in mathematics and microbiology?

A. He saw its bright future. B. He has a passion for math.

C. He wants to win the honor. D. He is talented in this field.

2. Which expression can best replace the underlined phrase “vying for”?

A. Hunting for. B. Applying for.

C. Allowing for. D. Competing for.

3. What can we infer about Mercier?

A. He will study art at Oxford. B. He tries to become a pianist.

C. He is grateful to his school. D. He studies how diseases exist.

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. A senior could be USF’s first Rhodes Scholar.

B. 32 students are selected for Rhodes Scholar.

C. Math may help control the spread of diseases.

D. A senior found the most vital topics in the world.

【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在 USF 大学，21 岁的亚历山大•梅塞尔来自敖德萨，主修数学和

微生物学，这使他开始了重要的研究，这可能使他成为该校的第一位罗兹奖学金获得者。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But it was math that attracted him and he wouldn't let go. He was studying how

math may help control the spread of diseases.（但吸引他的是数学，他不肯放手。他正在研究数学如何帮助

控制疾病的传播。）”可知，梅塞尔选择主修数学和微生物学，因为他热爱数学。故选 B。

【2题详解】

猜测词义题。根据文章第四段“While his work is timely and important，there's lots of competition.Eleven

other finalists from this region of the country are also vying for the honor.They attend schools like MIT,Stanford

and the University of Chicago.（虽然他的工作是及时和重要的，但有很多竞争。来自该地区的其他 11 名决

赛选手也在争夺这一荣誉。他们就读于麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学和芝加哥大学。）”可知，vying for 的

意思是“争夺”。故选 D。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“If he doesn't win the honor and get to study expense-free at Oxford, he

says he'll have many options.‘I will continue to do the work that I enjoy and that I think will benefit people,’ he

said.（他说，如果他不能赢得荣誉，在牛津大学免费学习，他会有很多选择。“我将继续做我喜欢的工

作，我认为这将有益于人们，”他说。）”可知，他感激他的学校。故选 C。

【4题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“At USF，21-year-old Alexander Mercier of Odessa，majored in mathematics

and microbiology，which leads him to start important research that may make him the school's first Rhodes

Scholar.（在 USF 大学，21 岁的亚历山大•梅塞尔来自敖德萨，主修数学和微生物学，这使他开始了重要

的研究，这可能使他成为该校的第一位罗兹奖学金获得者。）”可知，本文的最佳标题是 A senior could

be USF's first Rhodes Scholar.（一位高年级学生可能成为 USF 第一位罗兹奖学金获得者）。故选 A。

About 2.6 billion people globally — 38% of the world population — are already overweight or obese. But on

current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people (51%) in 12 years’ time, according to research

by the World Obesity Federation.

Without widespread use of taxes and limits on the promotion of unhealthy food, the number of people who

are clinically obese will increase from one in seven today to one in four by 2035. If that happens, almost 2 billion

people worldwide would be living with obesity (肥胖) .

Judging from appearance seems to be vague. Those with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 are judged to be

overweight, while people whose BMI is at least 30 are claimed to be obese. Evidence shows that obesity increases

someone’s risk of cancer, heart disease and other diseases.

Obesity among children and young people is on course to increase faster than among adults. By 2035 it is

expected to be at least double the rate seen in 2020, according to the federation’s latest annual World Obesity Atlas

report. It is expected to rise by 100% among boys under 18, leaving 208 million affected, but go up even more

sharply — by 125% — among girls the same age, which would see 175 million of them affected.

Prof Louise Baur, the federation’s president, said the findings were a clear warning that by failing to address

obesity today, we risk serious hits in the future. “It is especially worrying to see obesity rates rising fastest among

teenagers and adolescents.” he put it seriously. “Governments and policymakers around the world need to do all

they can to avoid passing health, social and economic costs on to the younger generation,” Baur added.

The World Obesity Federation wants governments to use tax systems; restrictions on the marketing of foods

that are high in fat, salt or sugar; front-of-pack labels; and provision of healthy food in schools to address rising

obesity.

5. What does the underlined word “that” refer to?

A. The disconnection between people and food.

B. The preferences of many overweight people.

C. The sharp increase of clinically obese people.

D. The lack of taxes and unhealthy food restrictions.

6. According to the passage, in what way can we differ overweight groups and obese groups more scientifically?

A. Figures of body mass index. B. Risk of obesity-related diseases.

C. Appearance and body shape. D. Official data of obesity rates.

7. What’s Prof Louise Baur’s attitude towards the findings?

A Unclear. B. Hopeful. C. Concerned. D. Doubtful.

8. What’s the text mainly about?

A. It is policymakers’ responsibilities to control the overweight trend.

B. More than, half of humans are on track to be overweight or obese by 2035.

C. The World Obesity Federation is a pioneer solving the problem of obesity.

D. Rising obesity globally is being driven by factors such as poor tax systems.

【答案】5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过数据和事实，阐述了全球肥胖问题的现状、未来趋势、对儿童和青少年

的影响，以及提出的解决策略。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段“About 2.6 billion people globally — 38% of the world population — are already

overweight or obese. But on current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people (51%)

in 12 years’ time, according to research by the World Obesity Federation.(全球约有 26 亿人（占世界人口的

38%）已经超重或肥胖。但根据世界肥胖联合会的研究，按照目前的趋势，预计在 12 年内，肥胖人口将

超过 40 亿（51%）)”可知，that 为代词，指代前文提到的事，所以此处应是代指临床肥胖人数急剧增

加。故选 C项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Judging from appearance seems to be vague. Those with a body mass index (BMI)

of 25 are judged to be overweight, while people whose BMI is at least 30 are claimed to be obese. Evidence shows

that obesity increases someone’s risk of cancer, heart disease and other diseases.(从外表判断似乎很模糊。身体

质量指数（BMI）为 25 的人被认为是超重，而BMI 至少为 30 的人被认为是肥胖。有证据表明，肥胖会增

加患癌症、心脏病和其他疾病的风险)”可知，我们可以根据身体质量指数来更科学地区分超重群体和肥

胖群体。故选 A项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Prof Louise Baur, the federation’s president, said the findings were a clear

warning that by failing to address obesity today, we risk serious hits in the future. “It is especially worrying to see

obesity rates rising fastest among teenagers and adolescents.” he put it seriously. “Governments and

policymakers around the world need to do all they can to avoid passing health, social and economic costs on to the

younger generation,” Baur added.(联合会主席Louise Baur 教授表示，这些发现是一个明确的警告，即如果

我们今天不解决肥胖问题，未来我们将面临严重的打击。“特别令人担忧的是，青少年和青少年的肥胖率

上升速度最快。”他严肃地说，“世界各国的政府和决策者需要尽其所能，避免将健康、社会和经济成本

转嫁给年轻一代。”Baur 补充道。)”可知，Baur 教授对这些发现持担心态度。故选 C项。

【8题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“About 2.6 billion people globally — 38% of the world population — are already

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