上海市宝山区2022-2023学年高三下学期3月高考适应性练习英语试卷 Word

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2023 届宝山区高考英语适应性练习

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically

correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other

blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Morning or night? Which time of day do you enjoy the most and are more mentally alert? （21）______ one

you prefer, there is a name for you.

Early birds or morning larks （云雀）, as you can guess, are morning people. They have more energy in the

morning and are happy to greet the day. （22 ）______ they rise early. they lose energy in the late afternoon.

Therefore, morning larks tend to hit the hay early. As most of society runs on daylight hours, morning larks are seen as

productive people. As the saying goes: “The early bird gets the worm.”

Night owls are the opposite of morning larks. These people have （23）______（little）energy in the morning.

They would rather get a few more hours of sleep than rise with the sun. But on the other side, night owls come alive in

the late evening hours. They become energetic and find inspiration in the moonlight. It's no surprise （24）______

they can they up well into the night.

While all birds （25）______（create）equal, some night owls wish they could rise earlier If you are one of

them, here are some tips to help you catch that worm.

People（26）______ not adjust their bedtimes overnight（一夜之间）. So far those night owls wishing to rise

at dawn, start with a 15-minute change. Go to bed 15 minutes earlier than usual and wake up that much earlier as well.

Keep the pattern going until you find yourself（27）______ （rise）with the sun.

Though it may be challenging. start your morning with as much light as possible. Open the curtains. Turn on the

lights. See what （28）______ difference it makes in helping you start your day.

To make the change from owl to lark you need to be consistent and rise early every day. Don't work hard to rise

early during the week only （29）______ （sleep）in on weekends. Pick an hour to wake up, and do it every day.

For the night owls out there, hopefully these tips （30）______ （make）your mornings more bearable.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that

there is one word more than you need.

A. associated B. charge C. cooling D. deaden E. appliances F. narrow

G. causes H. reflective I. restricted J. typically K. unstable

How does thunder-snow work? Thunder-snow is rare because the conditions that produce snow tend to have a

stabilizing effect on the atmosphere. In winter. the surface and lower troposphere （对流层）are cold and there is

little moisture to lead to lightning. Lightning super-heats the air, while the rapid 31 produces the sound waves we all

thunder.

Thunderstorms can form in winter. but have different characteristics. A typical normal thunderstorm consists of

tall, 32 clouds that rise from a warm updraft （上升气流） leading from the surface up to around 40, 000 feet.

Thunder-snow usually forms when layers of flat snow clouds develop instability and experience dynamic lifting.

There 33 lead to the instability. Firstly, a normal thunderstorm at the edge of a warm or cold front can run into cold

air. changing rain into freezing rain or snow. Secondly, when the flat snow clouds become bumpy or develop what are

usually called "turrets". turrets rise about the clouds, making the top layer 34 . The change causes water molecules

or ice crystals to gain or lose electrons （电子）When the electrical 35 difference between two bodies becomes

large enough, lightning occurs. Thirdly. a cold air front passing over warmer water can produce thunder-snow. This is

the type of thunder-snow most often seen near the Great Lakes or near and ocean.

The obvious difference between a typical thunderstorm and thunder-snow is that a thunderstorm produces rain,

while thunder-snow is 36 with snow. However, the thunder and lightning of thunder-snow are different, too. Snow

can 37 sound, so thunder-snow thunder sounds low and doesn't travel as far as it would in a clear or rainy sky.

Normal thunder may be heard miles from its source, while thunder-snow thunder tends to be 38 to a 2 to 3 mile

radius from the lightning strike. While the sound of a thunder may be lowered. lightning flashes are enhanced by 39

snow. Thunder-snow lightning 40 appears white or golden. rather than the usual blue or purple of thunderstorm

lightning

III. Reading Comprehensions

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in

each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Owing to the recent pandemic （流行病）researchers have been trying to find more ways to kill viruses, and

one result of their work involves 41 .

It has long been known that ultraviolet（UV）（紫外线的）light can destroy microbes such as bacteria and

viruses. It is already used as a cleaning agent in hospitals and to 42 air and water but only when people aren't

around. That's because there are three types of UV light: UVA, UVB and UVC. and they are all 43 to humans. UVA

and UVB exposure can 44 skin cancer, while UVB is responsible for sunburns. UVC light is mostly absorbed by

the Earth's atmosphere, but it is even more dangerous. Artificial UVC light can pass through the outer layer of skin

and eye cells to 45 the living cells underneath.

46 . there is a types of UVC light, known as far-UVC. which does not pass through the outer layer of cells.

But studies of the long-term effects of far-UVC on humans, 47 studies on groups comprising more than 20 people,

are not available.

Researcher David Brenner has helped develop a far-UVC light that kills viruses and bacteria. In a normal-sized

room, five lamps 48 the number of microbes by 98 percent in less than five minutes. To achieve results like this

through ventilation（通风设备）alone, the air would have to be changed 184 times per hour, which is currently 49

. Even at lower settings, the lamps still killed 92 percent of viruses in 15 minutes.

Countries vary in their standards for how much UV light people are allowed to be 50 to. Since Brenner's team

was operating in the United States, he observed American 51 , which are less strict than those of some countries

such as Germany. But even working within Germany's lower limit of UV light exposure, Brenner's lights still decrease

the number of microbes 52 . Brenner argues that using the lights, even 53 Germany's regulations, would likely

have reduced the number of people who died from Covid-19.

In the future, far-UVC lamps may be 54 in all public spaces. Researchers hope that installation and use of such

lamps could prevent future 55 . Although more extensive research needs to be done, there is hope that this will be

their effect.

41. A. electricity B. sound C. light D. air

42. A. clean B. separate C. produce D. mix

43. A. beneficial B. harmful C. influential D. essential

44. A. turn to B. refer to C. owe to D. lead to

45. A. damage B. avoid C. protect D. absorb

46. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Meanwhile

47. A. as much as B. as for C. as a result of D. as well as

48. A. increased B. exploded C. reduced D. lightened

49. A. definite B. impossible C. realistic D. sensible

50. A. extended B. covered C. exposed D. warned

51. A. standards B. features C. policies D. orders

52. A. permanently B. instantly C. completely D. significantly

53. A. designing B. obeying C. applying D. experimenting

54. A. common B. unusual C. seldom D. doubtful

55. A. lamps B. projects C. pandemics D. diseases

Section B

Directions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.

For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the

information given in the passage you have just read

（A）

Like many inventions, language translators were imagined by writers long before they became real. In Hugo

Gernsback's 1911 novel A Romance of the Year 2660. characters use a video telephone that can translate form one

language to another. A language translator also appears in Murray Leinster's 1945 First Contact. In that story. humans

and creatures from another planet construct a translation device together after making first contact with one another.

The idea of the language translator didn't become truly popular, however, until the “universal translator” appeared in

the Star Trek series, which delighted television viewers in the 1970s. That device was universal in the sense that it

could translate any language that it encountered.

The first real language translator was demonstrated by engineers from the IBM company and Georgetown

University in 1954. Their machine could only translate Russian sentences into English.

Language translators have come a long way since then. Today, online translations can be accessed easily at no

cost to users. With translation apps like Google Translate or iTranslate, users sometimes don't even have to look things

up. All they need to do is point their cellphone's camera at some writing, and a translation instantly appears. If users

want to translate something being said aloud, they just turn on their phone's microphone. All of these features save

time and effort.

Translation apps make foreign travel much easier than before. They are invaluable when it comes to

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