甘肃省天水市秦安县第四中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试题（原卷版）

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秦安县第四中学 2022-2023 学年第一学期期中考试试卷

高二英语

第Ⅰ卷(选择题)

第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)

第一节(共15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming

and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit connected groups

developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years

ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too

became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the

nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications

in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English,

Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The

general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones

have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa

2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.

The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken

by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction, with only a few elderly

speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan

Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems

to have much chance of survival.

1. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?

A. They developed very fast. B. They had similar patterns.

C. They were large in number. D. They were closely connected.

2. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2?

A. Modern. B. Powerful. C. Complex. D. Advanced.

3. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?

A. About 6,800. B. About 1,200.

C. About 3,400. D. About 2,400.

Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching on the grounds of the

University of Pennsylvania, waiting for a few latecomers. The Penn colleagues and other community members

meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and an occasional lecture. That's right― during some runs, one

of them delivers a talk. Topics range from the brain to Bitcoin.

But on this day last January, it would not be their normal run. The first clue that something was off was the

man who sprinted past them. "Running at an amazing pace," Cassidy told Runner's World admiringly. Cassidy

discovered why the sprinter was so fleet of foot when another man ran by, yelling, “Help! He took my phone and

laptop!"

At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, trailing the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia

until he ducked into a construction site. The runners split up. Cassidy ran around to the far side of the site to cut the

thief off while the others wandered the neighborhood hoping he had dumped the loot （赃物）in a backyard.

No luck. So they decided to ask residents whether they'd seen the guy. When they knocked on the door of one

row house, they were in for a surprise. Unknown to them, he had already emerged from the construction site—and

was hiding behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the suspect darted out from behind the

bush ... and right into the arms of campus police, who'd joined the chase shortly behind the runners.

The members of this running group are not hard-core athletes. But they do understand the benefit of a little

exercise. ''Running is typically a useless sport where you turn fat cells into heat," Cassidy told The Philadelphia

Inquirer. "But occasionally it can be useful, and here was one of those opportunities."

4. Why do the group members gather together?

A. To do some stretching. B. To have a regular run.

C. To deliver a lecture. D. To cover some topics.

5. What does the underlined word "sprinted" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Dashed. B. Pushed.

C. Jumped. D. Escaped.

6. We can infer that the success of the chase is mainly due to____ .

A. the assistance of the runners B. the owner of the row house

C. the campus police on patrol D. the joint efforts of the people

7. Which of the following best describes Cassidy?

A. Athletic and generous. B. Courageous and ambitious.

C. Helpful and humorous. D. Thoughtful and demanding.

My husband and I had been married nearly twenty-two years when I acquired Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a

disorder where my immune system (免疫系统) responded to a virus by producing painful blisters (水疱). Although

my long-term evaluation was good, I, who had been so fiercely independent, rapidly became absolutely helpless.

My husband, Scott, stepped up to the plate, taking care of kids and cooking dinners. He also became my

personal caretaker, applying the medicine to all of my blisters because my hands couldn’t do the job. Needless to

say, I had negative emotions, bouncing from embarrassment to shame caused by total reliance on someone other

than myself.

At one point when I had mentally and physically hit bottoms I remember thinking that Scott must somehow

love me more than I could ever love him. With my illness, he had become the stronger one, and I the weaker one.

And this disturbed me.

I recovered from my illness, but I couldn’t seem to recover from the thought that I loved my husband less than

he loved me. This seeming distinction in our love continued to annoy me for the year following my illness.

Then recently Scott and I went on a long bike ride. He’s an experienced cyclist; I’m quite the green hand. At

one point with a strong headwind and sharp pain building in my tired legs, I really thought I couldn’t go any

further. Seeing me struggle, Scott pulled in front of me and yelled over his shoulder, “Stay close behind me.” As I

fell into the draft of his six- foot- three- inch frame and followed his steps, I discovered that my legs quit burning

and I was able to catch my breath. My husband was pulling me along again. At this very moment I woke up to what

I now believe: during these and other tough times, love has the opportunity to become stronger when one partner

learns to lean on the other.

I pray my husband will always be strong and healthy. But if he should ever become the struggling one,

whether on a bike ride or with an illness, I trust I’ll be ready to call out to him: Stay close behind me-my turn to

pull you along.

8. What made the author feel helpless?

A. Her treatment failure.

B. Her husband caring for her too much.

C. Her losing the previous independence.

D. Her suffer ring from illness and mental disorder.

9. Which of the following can best describe the author’s husband?

A. Family-centered.

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