山东省实验中学2024届高三下学期学业水平等级考试（模拟）英语 Word版含答案

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山东省实验中学 2024 年高三第三次模拟考试

英语试题

2024.5

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2.选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分 50 分)

第一节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), hundreds of marine( 海洋的 )species

across the world come under endangered and critically endangered categories. Some of the endangered and

recognizable marine species are named here.

Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtle

The Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle, also known as the Atlantic Ridley Sea Turtle, is endangered as the rarest and

smallest sea turtle.

Distributed throughout the Gulf of Mexico and U. S. Atlantic seaboard, they gather off the coast in

northeastern Mexico and come ashore in large groups to lay eggs every year. As marine reptiles( 爬行动物),they are

threatened by oil spills, lack of food and marine pollution.

Vaquita

As a rare marine mammal, Vaquita is on the edge of extinction only a half-century after its first sighting.

Extensive fishing in the Gulf of California has endangered this marine species, resulting in a gradual drop

in population since the 1940s. According to reports, there are only a dozen of these marine mammals left in the

world since the percentage of dec line in their population was as much as90% since 2011.

Whale

Fin Whale is the second-largest mammal on the planet after Blue Whale and it is also a victim of

hunting.According to estimates, the global population of Fin Whale ranges from below 100,000 to around 119,000.

Humpback Whale, another whale species, has also been listed as an endangered marine species. Before the

introduction of the whaling moratorium ( 暂停) in 1966, the species was hunted for its fur, while the population

dropped by 90%. Currently, around 2,500 Humpback Whales survive in the world.

高三英语试题第 1 页共 8 页

Hawaiian Mon k Seal

A native of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian Mon k Seal is one of the earless seals who live

on warm beaches, unlike other seals.

According to recent research, only 1,400 Hawaiian Mon k Seals remain on the Islands. These seals are

mainly threatened by predators like tiger sharks. Besides, other reasons like habitat loss and food

limitation also contribute to their critical situation.

1. Why do Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles land on the beach in large groups?

A. To nest. B. To reproduce. C. To avoid attack. D. To hunt foods.

2. What is the major t hreat to Hawaiian Mon k Seal?

A. Global warming. B. Lack of food. C. Natural enemies. D. Habitat pollution.

3. Which of the following is the most critically endangered species?

A. Vaquita. B. Fin Whale. C. Humpback Whale. D. Hawaiian Mon k Seal.

Deforestation——by clear-cutting or wildfires——has massive consequences both on climate and health.But

leaving reforestation to Mother Nature can take decades, particularly as disastrous wildfires are increasing

in frequency and intensity. And the time, cost and labour involved makes traditional methods of tree planting

not as practical as they once were.

Bryce Jones knows how hard it is to replant forests. For four months in 2013, he worked as a tree planter

throughout Canada.“There’s no technology there,”he says.“The only way you can automate reforestation is

through the air.”But it wasn't until 2019 that he hit on the one that he thought had potential: use

drones( 无人机 ) to fire specially designed seed pods( 荚 ) into the ground—at 10 times the normal rate and

costing20-percent less than traditional methods. He proposed the idea to his brother and Flash Forest was

born. His first goal was to plant a billion trees by 2025.

The team took out a loan, bought a drone and used 3D printers at Jones's school to make casts of the

pods. Now, only two and a half years later, the company has a group of drones with each able to carry several

thousand pods per flight. Three operators work in a field, controlling five drones, whose flights take 15 to

20minutes. Flash Forest's big draw is its seed pod, which contains everything seedlings(幼苗) need to promote

survival. And its technology allows them to reach post-burn sites or remote areas that are difficult for

traditional tree planting.

There are challenges every day, Jones says, as they work to improve the engineering, hardware, software

and seed-po d recipes. Then there are the challenges presented by the climate——this year, record

temperatures,record wildfires and drought.“That was something that was totally out of our control,”he says.

Unlike some traditional forms of reforestation, Flash Forest is focused on biodiversity. For Jones, the

target of planting a billion trees by 2025 is just the beginning.“I have a dream that the company will plant

on six continents——everywhere where our technology is needed,”he says.

4. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 1?

A. The benefits of reforestation. B. The power of Mother Nature.

C. The way of putting out wildfires. D. The urgency to seek a planting way.

5. What are the features of Jones' technology?

A. Efficient and cost-saving. B. Innovative and back-breaking.

C. Pricey and ground-breaking. D. Challenging and time-consuming.

高三英语试题第 2 页共 8 页

6. What contributes to the particular appeal of Flash Forest?

A. Its drone operators. B. The frequent flights.

C. Its seed pod. D. The low cost of seedlings.

7. What can we infer about Flash Forest from the last paragraph?

A. It changed its focus in the past. B. It will achieve its final target in 2025.

C. It might be available worldwide one day. D. It has replaced traditional forms of reforestation.

Ariel Procaccia has thought a lot about how to cut a cake over the last 15 years. As the father of three

children, he knows how hard it is to divide a birthday cake to everyone's satisfaction. But it's also

becauseProcaccia's work focuses on exploring the mathematical rules for dividing stuff up fairly. One way to

do that is to think abstractly about dessert.

For decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple question of how to cut a cake fairly.The

answer reaches far beyond birthday parties. A mathematical problem at its heart, cake cutting connects strict

reasoning to real-world issues of fairness, and so attracts not only mathematicians, but also social

scientists, economists and more.“It's a very elegant model in which you can distill what fairness really

is,and reason about it,”Procaccia says.

The simplest approach is called the“divider-chooser”method, where one person cuts the cake into two

equal pieces in his view, and the other person picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as

valuable as the other's. But when personal preferences are taken into account, even the easiest rule becomes

complicated. Suppose Alice and Bob are to divide a cake, and Alice knows Bob prefers chocolate, she may

knowingly divide the cake unequally so the smaller piece contains more chocolate. Then Bob will choose

according to his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Both of them are satisfied with what they

get,but the meaning of fairness changes in this situation.

The cake is a symbol for any divisible good. When cake-cutting principles are employed to settling

disagreements, they are potentially helping the world find solutions. Procaccia has used fair division

algorithms(算法) to model food distribution. Social scientist Haris Aziz is exploring situations ranging from

how to divide up daily tasks to how to best schedule doctors' shifts in hospitals.

Even after decades of investigation, cake cutting isn't like a simple jigsaw puzzle ( 拼图) with a well-

defined solution. Instead, over time, it has evolved into a kind of mathematical sandbox, a constructive

playground that brings together abstract proofs and easy applications. The more researchers explore it, the

more there is to explore.

8. What does the underlined word“distill”in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Find the opposite of. B. Get the essence of.

C. Keep the focus on. D. Reduce the impact on.

9. What can we learn about fairness from the example given in paragraph 3?

A. Its standard is stable. B. It prevents unequal division.

C. Its concept is complex. D. It dominates personal preferences.

10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning cake cutting?

A. The application of its rules. B. The details of its process.

C. The problems it produces. D. The harmony it symbolizes.

高三英语试题第 3 页共 8 页

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