初中英语定语从句学案（二）--关系代词篇2(无答案)

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定语从句（the attributive clause）

---关系代词篇（2）

Part one

*什么叫定语从句？

*定语从句可以做哪些成分？

*什么叫先行词？什么叫关系词？关系词有哪些分类？

*关系代词有哪一些？哪些可以修饰人？哪些可以修饰物？哪些既可以修饰人也可以修饰

物？哪些可以相互替换？

*什么时候关系代词可以省略？什么时候不可以省略？

*有哪些需要注意的事项？

Part two

比较：1

什么时候只用 that,不能用 which?

1）第一种是上次课提到过的，请思考不用 which 而用 that 的情况

---

当先行词既有人又有物时，用 that

例如：

The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.

2）当主句以 who 或which 开头时，定语从句中引导词用 that ,不用 which 。以避免重复。

例如：

Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?

3）当先行词是不定代词：

all , any , anything , everything , nothing，little,much,no 等或被它们修

饰时。

例如：

Is there anything that I can do for you ?

有什么可以为你做的吗？

All that can be done must be done .

凡是能做的都必须做。

4）当先行词是形容词最高级、序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时

（思考，为什么这里不包括副词的最高级。原因----形容词是用来修饰名词的，定

语从句修饰的是名词，而副词是修饰动词的，不能修饰名词，所以这里不需要考

虑

副词的最高级）

例如：

That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the

bookshop .

那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food .

我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

5）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last,the right( 恰当

的),any,few,little,no,等修饰时。

（含有“唯一”的意思）

例如：

My necklace is not the only thing that's missing .

我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。

These messages are the very ones that I have been looking for.

这些就是我一直在寻找的信息。

6）当先行词在定语中做表语时

例如：

Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.

7）当有两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了 which 或who 时，另一个用 that

例如：

Edison built up a factory which produced things that has never been seen before.

归纳：

一旦先行词或者其修饰语表达了：

① 独一无二概念、

② 全部肯定概念、

③完全否定概念，

“ ”也就是说无需选择或者无法选择的时候，就不能使用关系代词 which，

因为 which “ ” “ ”是疑问代词哪一个，多少还保留着选择的意味。

比方说，the only “ ”表示唯一，everything “ ”表示所有的东西，none “ ”表示什么都没有，

这些词语还需要选择吗？还能选择吗？既然无法选择，那就用 that，不用 which。

记忆技巧：一、人物

二、避免重复

三、唯一

四、形序

五、不定代词

六、表语

Practice：

一、填入适当的关系代词（找出明确的原因，并说明关系代词带定语从句中做什么成分）

1. Who’s the comrade_______you just shook hands with?

2. He talked about the teachers and schools ________he had visited.

3. He is the only man_______ I can find for the work.

4. You must watch carefully everything_______the teacher does in class.

5. This is one of the most exciting football games_______I have ever seen.

6. The last place _____we visited in the countryside was a farm.

7. The first English novel______I read was Robinson Crusoe.

8. When he came back from abroad,John told his parents about the cities and the

people____he has visited.

9. Is there any question_______troubles you much?

10. Who is the man____is speaking there?

11. She is the only person _______understands me.

12. This is the very book _______I am after.

13. He is not the man_______he used to be.

14. Is there anything______I can do for you,Miss?

15. Little has been done_____is helpful to our work.

16. Nothing ______he does is badly done.

17. Which is the book______your father bought from New York?

18. Finally,the thief handed everything______he had stolen to the police.

19. All _____is needed is a supply of oil.

20. China is no longer the country_______she used to be.

Part three

比较：2

什么时候只能用 which，不用 that

1）有一种情况，在上次课中已经提及，试着回想

-----

当关系词前有介词时。

例如：

This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.

这就是毛主席曾经住过的地方。

2）在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了 that, 另一个宜用

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