《高考英语真题》专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气-三年(2019-2021)高考真题英语分项汇编(解析版)

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三年(2019-2021)年高考真题分项汇编
专题 06 情态动词和虚拟语气
一、2021 年高考真题
1.2021.3 天津卷 单选)
It used to be that you drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are
houses and people everywhere.
A. need B. should C. could D. must
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意:以前你可以开车到这里走好几英里,而看不到别的人,但现在到处都
是房子和人。A.need 需要;B.should 应该;C.could 能、可以;D.must 必须。根据句意可知,本空应填
could。故选 C
二、2020 年高考真题
12020·天津卷单项填空)Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .
Amust Bcan Cneed Dshould
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里,只要我们保持它干净整洁。A. must 必须;
B. can 能,可以;C. need 需要;D. should 应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知,Jim
许可我们待在他的房子里,即:我们能,可以待在他的房子里。故选 B
22020·天津卷单项填空)You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had
done his best.
Amust Bshould Cmustn’t Dshouldn't
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词+ have done。句意:你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟,他已经尽力了。
根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done 指做了本不该做的事,must have done 表示
对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测;should have done 表示应当做某事而实际上未做;mustn’t 不和 have done
连用。故选 D
【点睛】
1
must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测,指“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句:
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了。
should have done 意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。”
shouldn't have done 表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意.
1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆,你太懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨
天就做完的。
2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him.看,汤姆哭了,我本来不应该对他如此严厉。
3. 2020·江苏卷单项填空)If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.
A. won’t be B. wouldn’t have been C. wouldn’t be D. shouldn’t have been
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我没有面对那么多的障碍,我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知,
此处是错综时间虚拟语气,根据空后 where I am 可知,此处是与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词应
使用 would/could/might/should+do。故选 C
三、2019 年高考真题
1.2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time
together.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,否则,我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光
的。根据上文,可知是对过去事情的虚拟,与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去
完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故选 C
2.2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task
in half the time.
A. accomplished B. had accomplished
C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根
据上the workers were not better organized 可知过去拟。与过反的
2
设。其句子结构为:从句:If++过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+
现在完成时+其他,故选 D
四、2018 年高考真题
1.2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owners permission.
A. would B. should
C. could D. might
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:真奇怪,他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型It is
important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中,其中由 that 引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词
”这的虚拟语气,其中的 should 可以省略。故选 B
点睛:本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多下用虚
拟语气,表命令或主观看。但是如果只是表示事实而不是
情,完可以用一陈述语气。试比较 It is strange that he had made a mistake.陈述事实:他
了错怪。 It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. 气,
本不应该错。)
2.2018·江苏】27. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become
more involved.
A. had B. will have
C. would have had D. have had
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:在里有好的社交并且希望会去更多的与。本题考
wish 引导的语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望以从句用一过去时。故选 A
点睛:本题考查 wish 引导的虚拟语气。由 wish 引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气:1.用 wish 表示对现在的愿望
时,它引起的语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去be 动词用 were)。2.用 wish 表示对愿望
引起句中would, could, might+ 3wish 用于事实
不可能实现的愿望时,从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或 could, would + have +动词
过去分词。分析此题需前句 There is a good social life in the village 的时态是一现在时,可以判断出
wish 用于对现在的事实表示一不可能实现的愿望
3.2018·天津】10. I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
A. should leave B. must have left
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《高考英语真题》专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气-三年(2019-2021)高考真题英语分项汇编(解析版).doc

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