专题16 阅读理解 考点3 说明文-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编 （全国通用）（第1期）（原卷版）

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专题 16 阅读理解
考点 3 说明文
（一）（2022·新疆·中考真题）
Why did Chinese people have more than one name in ancient times?
In ancient China, people’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and courtesy name. Take
famous poet Li Bai for example. His family name, which came from his father’s name, was Li. His given name was
Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.
People used their given names when they were among family members. But in social life, they called each
other by their courtesy names to show respect. This was mostly done among people of similar age. If you were
talking about yourself, or if your elders were talking about you, the given name would be used instead of the
courtesy name.
Men would get their courtesy names when they turned 20. It was a symbol of adulthood (成年礼). Women
would get their courtesy names after getting married.
One’s courtesy name often had something to do with one’s given name. For example, the name of Mencius
was Meng Ke. His courtesy name was Ziyu. Both Ke and Ziyu mean “carriage (马车)”. Zhuge Liang’s given name
was Liang, which means “bright”. His courtesy name was Kongming, which means “very bright”.
42．How many parts are there in people’s names in ancient China?
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
43．What does the underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．名 B．姓氏 C．字 D．昵称
44．Why did people call each other by their courtesy names in social life?
A．To show their love. B．To show their good relationship.
C．To show their kindness. D．To show their respect.
45．What would be used if your elders were talking about you according to the passage?
A．Family name. B．Nickname. C．Given name. D．Courtesy name.
46．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．The famous poet Li Bai. B．Three parts of ancient names.
C．The ancient names and the modern names. D．The development of names.
（二）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
Have you ever seen lions dancing in the streets? The lions dance to the beat of a drum (鼓). Of course, they are
not real lions. They are dancers in lion costumes (服饰). Lion dancing first started in China centuries ago. It is
meant to bring good luck in the coming year.
Usually, a lion is made up of two dancers. One dancer controls the head. The other controls the tail.
“I think of it as a sport,” says Anthony Huang, aged 16. He is a member of the New York Chinese Freemasons
Athletic Club. Anthony performs (表演) as the lion’s head. It can weigh 20 pounds. Lion dancing is important to
Anthony. “This tradition really lifts me up,” he says.
In the past, lion dancing was performed mostly by men. But it is different today. LionDanceMe is a lion
dancing group in San Francisco, California. There are boys and girls on its team. They dance together.
“Anyone can take up lion dancing. You have to believe that you can do it,” says Ananda Tang-Lee, a 17-year-
old girl.
Lion dancing will continue to evolve. But a team’s sense of community will never change. “We call it a
family,” Ananda says, “It’s really great, because we always have each other’s backs.”
34．Why do people perform lion dancing?
A．To sell lion-dancing costumes. B．To wish for a lucky new year.
C．To protect the lions in the wild. D．To show skills of playing the drum.
35．Which role does Anthony play in lion dancing?
A．The lion’s head. B．The lion’s tail. C．The drummer. D．The dresser.
36．What does the underlined word “evolve” mean?
A．延期 B．模仿 C．举办 D．演变
37．What can we infer (推断) from Ananda’s words “We call it a family”?
A．They bring happiness to the family. B．They call lion dancing a family game.
C．They live together in a big family. D．They support each other like a family.
（三）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
A team of scientists are carrying out a project at the University of Greenwich in London. They are trying to
find ways to make food on Mars (火星) in the future. The project is called Feeding Mars. It tries to use water, fish
and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.
It would take at least 21 months to reach Mars, learn about its surface and return to Earth. So it would be a big
help if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself.
Farming on Mars, however, will be very hard. There’s plenty of water that could be taken from ice just below
the surface, but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients (养分) that living things need. The team say that they
could solve the problem by growing plants and fish together. Fish waste can then be used to provide nutrients for
plants.
“It is expected that you can grow lots of food, such as vegetables, salads, teas and medicinal plants on Mars,”
said Dr Benz Kotzen, who leads the project. “You can even harvest (捕获) fish for food then.”
42．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指的是)?
A．The future. B．The project. C．The land. D．The planet.
43．What makes it difficult to farm on Mars?
A．Ice below the surface. B．Too much fish waste.
C．The missing of living things. D．The poor land condition.
44．How does Dr Benz Kotzen feel about Feeding Mars?
A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful. C．Surprised. D．Funny.

标签： #英语真题

专题16 阅读理解 考点3 说明文-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编 （全国通用）（第1期）（原卷版）.docx

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