考点14--推理判断之推断文章结构--练模拟--熟能生巧（学生版）

3.0 envi 2025-03-20 61 4 697.37KB 17 页 3知币

侵权投诉

考点 14--推理判断之推断文章结构--练模拟--熟能生巧

1.【广东省名校 2022 届高三年级下学期联合测试】

Integrity is the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right. The concept of integrity

has played a key role in moral philosophy throughout history and is promoted in all societies because of its

importance to social relations. Individual integrity is vital to society, one that enables people to make use of their

capacity for critical reflection, does not force people to take up particular roles and does not encourage individuals

to betray each other. Besides, societies can be favorable to the development of individual integrity.

Individual integrity can lift up the spirits of the entire society. It can shape the lives of people living in a

particular society, the lives of all fellow people and, in its broadest sense, even the destiny of a nation. By contrast,

if those living in the society are corrupt, it could have bad effects, jeopardizing the healthy morality of the society.

On the other hand, a society can be favorable to the development of individual integrity. Society expects and

requires integrity. A society consisting of people of integrity, and people who never compromise on their principles,

could have a positive mark on the personal development on its members. Being a part of such a morally lively

community could serve as a basis for absorbing traits of good character. This could be of a distinct advantage to any

individuals in the society.

Nonetheless, some social structures are of the wrong sort for some individuals to pursue integrity. If that is the

case, we have to ask questions about the moral nature of society first before raising questions about individual

integrity. Questions about integrity may turn out to be about what kind of society it is, rather than about the

relationship between individual interests and characteristics of a society. The pursuit of adequate individual

integrity often depends, not so much on understanding who one is and what one believes and is committed to, but

rather understanding what one’s society is and imagining what it could be.

Under no circumstances can we underestimate the importance of human integrity in a society. People, who are

honest, trustworthy, compassionate and caring, are the factors decisive in the growth of individuals as well as the

development of a society.

12．Individual integrity has been valued in society because ______.

A．it helps develop philosophy B．it is crucial to social relations

C．it is the basis of critical thinking D．it ensures people’s particular roles

13．The underlined word “jeopardizing” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______”.

A．strengthening B．assessing

C．influencing D．destroying

14．What does the author believe according to the passage?

A．Individual integrity relies on what one has faith in.

B．The pursuit of individual integrity changes with time.

C．The nature of society is decided by economic development.

D．Social structures guide the formation of individual integrity.

15．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point C: Conclusion

A．B．

C．D．

2.（北京四中高三期中）The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A．X., bear some

resemblance to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win

us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us.

Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.” But is

reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children?

Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this. People have relationships with many

kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their

argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate ( 赋予…生命) dolls

and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more

intelligent and fun one.

Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today’s robots tell children that they have

emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For

instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the

company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create “a deeper and deeper emotional connection ... And if you

neglect him, you feel the pain of that.” What is the point of this, exactly? What does it mean to feel the pain of

neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that

doesn’t even know it is neglecting you?

This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children. Empathy

allows us to put ourselves in the place of others, to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions

to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures “say” or squeak, they don’t

understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential

equipment. They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but

robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.

What is also troubling is that children take robots’ behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with

them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don’t work when needed, children

also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem ( 自尊). In one study, an 8-year-

old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.

For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care.

Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that

“feel.”

1．How are the new social robots different from Siri?

A．They are intended to teach children how to talk.

B．They are designed to attract people with their smarts.

C．Their main function is to evaluate children’s personality.

D．They have a new way to communicate with human beings.

2．In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______.

A．are deeply connected with human beings

B．are unable to build a real relationship with children

C．are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings

D．are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children

3．The underlined phrase “essential equipment” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.

A．emotion B．pain

C．fear D．thinking

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

3 知币 4人已下载

立即下载

考点14--推理判断之推断文章结构--练模拟--熟能生巧（学生版）.docx

共17页,预览5页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

考点14--推理判断之推断文章结构--练模拟--熟能生巧（学生版）

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

作者详情

相关内容

推荐作者

热门标签

举报选择: