专题04 介词-2023年中考总复习真题探究与变式训练(江苏专用)(原卷版)

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专题 04 介词
命题方向 重要指数
考向一 时间介词、方位介词和方式介词 (必考点)
考向二 介词短语和固定搭配 (常考点)
考向一 时间介词、方位介词和方式介词
1 2022·江苏淮安·中考真题)(时间介词 on)—Mrs Wang, when is World Reading Day?
It is ________ April 23 every year.
Ain Bat Con Dby
2 2022·江苏南通·中考真题)(时间介词 atNow students have more free time ________ night because
of the “double reduction” policy.
Ain Bon Cat Dto
3 2022·江苏镇江·中考真题)(时间介词 inThe traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24
solar terms. Xiaoman(a little full) usually falls _______ May.
Ain Bat Con Dto
4 2017·江苏徐州·中考真题)(地点介词 throughA bird flew into the kitchen the window.
Aacross Babove Cthrough Dunder
5 2015·江苏苏州·九年级期末)(地点介词 over, in-Look at this picture. There is a bridge_______ the
river, and there are three birds_______ the tree.
Aonin Boveron
Coverin Donon
62022·江苏·扬州市江都区实验初级中学三模)(方式介词 by)— Why have you done so well in the
Maths exam, Annie?
To tell you the truth, I’ve made great progress ________ working in a group since last year.
Aby Bwith Cat Don
72022·江苏无锡·一模)(方式介词 throughThe ancient Greeks succeeded in capturing the city
________ a trick in only one night.
Ain Bthrough Cof Dfor
82020·江苏·景山中学九年级期中)(方式介词 withThe murderer killed the man ________ a knife
________ the evening of December 10th.
Ause; on Busing; in Cwith; on Dwith; in
时间介词
1at, in on
at:多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前或固定搭配 at noon, at midnight, at night, at lunchtime
in: 用于表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及一天的上午,下午,晚上,如:in the nineteenth
century, in 2002, in May, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon 等。
用于表示“从现在起,多久以后”,如 in an hour
on: 表示在具体的某一天和某一天的上午,下午,晚上时, 如:on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning
等。
on the tree /in the tree
on the tree 表示 “树上本身长的东西” 在树上.
in the tree 表示 “外界的物体进入树中” 人或物在树上.
2)osince, after
since after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段,但 since 词组表示的时段一直延续到说话
的时刻,因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而 after 词组所表示的时段纯系过去,因而要与一般过去时连用。
例如:
I haven’t heard from him since last summer.
After five days the boy came back.
3)oin, after
in 与将来时态连用时,表示“过多长时间以后”的意思,后面跟表示一段时间的词语。after 与将来时态连
用时,后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。after 与过去时态连用时,后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如:
He will be back in two months.
He will arrive after four o’clock.
He returned after a month.
4) before ......以前
during ......期间,“during +时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作
by “by+时间点”表示“到......以前为止”
from 说明开始的时间
for “for+时间段”,常与现在完成时连用
方位介词
1at, in, on
at 一般指小地方;in 一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on 往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如:
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
They arrived at a small village before dark.
There is a big hole in the wall.
The teacher put up a picture on the wall.
2)oover, above, on
over, on above 都可表示“在……上面”,但具体含义不同。over 表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方,
其反义词是 underabove 也表示位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方,其反义词是 belowOn 指两个物体
表面接触,一个在另一的上面。例如:
There is a bridge over the river.
We flew above the clouds.
They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.
3)表示方位的 in /on / to
in 表示 A地在 B地范围之内.(包含关系)  Tanwan is _in___ the southeast of China .
on 表示 A,B 地接壤.(外切关系)  Hubei is __on__ the north of Hunan .
to 表示 A,B 两地有一定的间距.(外离关系)  Japan is __to___ the east of China .
4) in front of, in the front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”,在某个范围以外;in the front of 表示“在……的前部”,在某
个范围以内。例如:
There are some tall trees in front of the building.
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.
5across / through / over / by 经过
across 指横穿,穿过. 表示从......表面上经过.
through 指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.
over 表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触.
by 表示从某人/某物的旁边经过.
Can you swim across the river ?
The elephant is so big that it can’ t go through the gate .
I don’ t think anyone can jump over the fence.
I walked by the bank of China yesterday .
方式介词
with / in / by 表示 “用……”
with 表示 “用…” 一般指用具体有形的工具.
He cut the apple into halves ____ a knife .
: with 表伴随, “带有,含有”
He came in _____ a big smile on his face .
in 表示用某种语言,方式,途径. 或书写/绘画所用的材料.
Can you say it _____English ?
He wrote a letter ____ blue ink .
by 表示方式,方法
专题04 介词-2023年中考总复习真题探究与变式训练(江苏专用)(原卷版).docx

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