考向05 名词辨析（必考点）-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点微专题（原卷版）

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考向 05 名词辨析

（2022·山东青岛·中考真题）If people use less water and plant more trees, I believe there will be less

__________.

A．progress B．pleasure C．pollution D．production

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果人们少用水，多种树，我相信污染会更少。

考查名词辨析。progress 进步；pleasure 愉悦；pollution 污染；production 生产。根据“If people use

less water and plant more trees”可知人们使用更少的水，种植更多的树，污染也会更少，故选 C。

名词辨析的考点及用法

一、词义的辨析

1. 掌握选项提供的单词的意思。

2. 理解语境，选取合适的单词。

二、相似词用法及辨析

1. 相似词意思辨析

如：sound n. 声音W(泛指大自然的一切声音)

voice n. 嗓音(主要指人的嗓子发出的声音或鸟儿唱歌的声音)

noise n. 噪音(指物体不规则振动所发出的杂乱无章的声音)

We couldn’t hear a sound here.

We were woken up by noises in the night.

2. 可数/不可数

如：（1）information：信息，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注

的消息、情报、资料等，是不可数名词。 some information

（2）news：新闻，一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社

会各方面的最新消息，是不可数名词。some news a piece of news

（3）message：音信、信息，一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”，是可数名词。

take a message leave a message send a message

基础练

1．—Are you good at driving?

—No, I think I will never be able to because I’m always considered to have no ________ of direction.

A．knowledge B．information C．sense D．talent

2．Scientists have made a new ________ that is very important to the progress of science and technology.

A．introduction B．request C．mistake D．discovery

3．We think it is difficult for them to win the basketball game without team ________.

A．stress B．standard C．spirit D．sadness

4．— What’s your favorite ________, Maria?

— Orange. Half of my dresses are orange.

A．fruit B．drink C．food D．color

5．After a few minutes’ _________, Tim and Peter agreed on the picnic.

A．decision B．suggestion C．discussion

6．—Do you have to take some art lessons on Sunday?

—Yes, I have no ________ but to follow my parents.

A．idea B．choice C．reason D．chance

7．—Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some vegetables?

—Sure. There is a ________ down the street.

A．palace B．school C．market D．museum

8．— A college girl was killed when she went running in a park this summer.

— What a pity! We feel sorry for the young ________.

A．witness B．victim C．suspect D．murderer

9．If you want to solve the problem of stress, you need to find out the ________ first.

A．method B．cause C．thought D．suggestion

10．—You said bad words about me? I thought we were good friends!

—Who told you that? Friends need ________.

A．courage B．distance C．trust D．shame

11．So far, the scientist and his team have still failed to get any ________ in the research through such a

long time of hard work.

A．suggestions B．achievements C．instructions D．introductions

12．My brother loves his job and he is ready to take on new ________ any time.

A．positions B．chances C．purposes D．challenges

13．Both red and black represent ________. But I prefer to wear red when I feel tired.

A．wisdom B．peace C．calm D．power

14．Su Hua ran too fast and was out of ________, so he fell onto the ground.

A．way B．condition C．control D．use

15．Cindy always wins high ________ from both her teachers and classmates because of her creative

thinking.

A．price B．prize C．praise D．pride

提升练

1．—Almost all the people watched the Military National day (军事国庆日), 2019.

—How shocking! Chinese people have a great sense of _________ in our country.

A．friendship B．pride C．influence D．shyness

2．—Who is your favorite basketball player, Jim?

—Yao Ming. Many students are his ________.

A．heroes B．teachers C．fans D．brothers

3．—Could you tell me what your ________ of this visit to China is?

—Sure. I’m looking forward to seeing Tanggula Mountains (唐古拉山).

A．position B．purpose C．relation

4．—The milk shake tastes delicious. How do you make it?

—It’s easy. Just follow the ________.

A．discussions B．instructions C．resolutions D．suggestions

5．—The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is a big ________ for Chinese people.

—Yeah, I hope everything goes well.

A．secret B．journey C．event

6．If we train harder, we will have a better ________ of winning.

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