第07讲 Unit 1 Past and present(知识点讲解+习题跟踪训练)(解析版)-【寒假自学课】2023年八年级英语寒假精品课(牛津译林版)

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08 Unit 1 Past and present
知识点讲解+习题跟踪训练
【知识预习】
【单词拓展变形】
1. past (adj. ) ____________ (adj.)现在的___________(n.)未来
2. northern (adj.) __________(adj.)南方的 _____________(adj.) 东方的_______(adj.)西方的
3. married (adj.)___________(vt.) 结婚_________ (n.)婚姻 __________(n.) 丈夫 ________(n.) 妻子
4. block (n.) _____________(n.)街道__________(n.) 广场____________(n.) 市区
5. since (adv.) _____________ (adv.) 以前___________(adv) 曾经 _________(adv.) 近来
6. pollution (n.) _______________(vt.)污染___________(n.) 空气污染__________(n.) 水污染
7. waste (n.) _____________(vt.)浪费______________(vt.)节约
8. impossible (adj.)______________ (adv.)_________ (adv.) (__________ (adj.)
9. transport (n.) _______________ (n.)运输工具
10. abroad (adv.) _______________ (adj.) 国际的
11. primary (n.) ____________ (n.)幼儿园 __________(n.)中学___________(n.)大学
12. communication (n.) ______________(vt..)交流______________(vi.)交谈
【答案】1. present; future 2.southern; eastern; western 3.marry ; marriage; husband; wife
4.street; square; downtown 5.before; ever; recently;6.polluter air pollution; water pollution;
7.waste;save 8.impossibly; possibly; possible9. transportation 10. international
11. kindergarten; middle school; college/university 12. communicate; chat
【重点词组】
1.自从我出生 ________________________ 2. 搬家 __________________________
3.在城镇北部 ________________________ 4. 结婚 __________________________
5.改变了许多 ________________________ 6.许多小餐馆和商店 _______________
7.城镇中心 ___________________________ 8.把废物倒进河里__________________
9.在某些方面 ___________________________ 10.打牌 __________________________
11.令人惊奇的变化______________________ 12.—__________________________
13. move two blocks away _________________ 14. over the years ___________________
15. take action __________________________ 16. improve the situation ______________
17. from time to time ____________________ 18. go abroad _______________________
19. at primary school ____________________ 20. keep in touch ____________________
21. old houses __________________________ 22. on foot or by bicycle_______________
23. have own cars ______________________ 24. a comfortable life _______________
【答案】1. since l was born 2.move house 3.in the northern part of town 4.get married
5.change a lot 6.some small restaurants and shops 7.town centre 8.put the waste into the river
9. in some ways 10. play cards 11. amazing changes 12. all one's life
13. 搬到两个街区外 14.多年以来 15.采取行动 16.改善情况 17.有时
18.出国 19.在小学 20.保持联系 21.老房子 22-步行或骑自行车 23.有私家车 24.一种舒适的生活
【重点知识讲解】
1. past n. 过去 
【原文重现】past and present
past adj. 过去的;刚结束的
近几周 in the past few weeks (用于现在完成时)
以往的事件 past events
n. 过去;过去的事情
在过去 in the past (用于一般过去时)
目前 at present = now
对他的过去一无所知 know nothing about his past
prep; 晚于;在…之后;在另一边;
两点半 half past two
走过我身旁 walk past me
机不可失,时不再来。There is no time like the present.
2. present n. 现在,目前
1present 作名词,意为“目前,现在”,at presentat the momentright now 现在。
2present 作名词还可以表示“礼物”的意思。如:birthday presents 生日礼物。
3present 作动词,表示“赠予;呈现”。如:present the medal 颁发勋章。
4present 还可作形容词,意为“目前的”。如: your present job 你目前的工作。
3. married adj.已婚的,结婚的
【原文重现】When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area
since then.
adj. 已婚的 married 单身的 adj. single
n. 婚姻 marriage
v. 与某人结婚 marry sb. / get married (to sb.)
marry sb. (to sb) 为…娶亲;把…嫁给…
注意:get married (to sb.) & be married (to sb.)
get married 是短暂性动词, 不能和表示时间段的状语连用;be married 强调的是已婚状态,为延续性动词
4. pollution n. 污染,污染物
pollution 是不可数名词,其动词是 pollute, 形容词是 polluted
5. realize vt. & vi. 意识到;实现 
realize 后可直接接名词或代词作宾语,还可以接 that 或疑问词引导的宾语从句。
1realize 作及物动词,可以表达“认识到;了解”的意思。如:
He didn't realize his mistake until his mother told him.
直到他妈妈告他,他认识到自错误
2realize 还可以表示“实现;完成”的意思realize one's dreammake one's dream come true 实现
某人的梦想
6. improve vt. & vi. 改进,改善
【用法总improve 是动词,make...better名词improvement,意为“提高改进
进”。如:
We can improve ourselves in English.
够提高语水
improve in sth 在某方面好转
improve oneself in sth 在某方面有进步
7. condition n. 环境件,状况 
【原文重现】Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.
辨析】与 condition 的区
situation 意为形,状况, 指明确环境情况或处境
condition 意为,强调影响的原环境数形式指笼统的情况;
【习用语/词组】
现状:present situation 生活件:living conditions
双赢局面:win-win situation 状况:traffic condition
情:epidemic situation 空调:air condition
8. return vi. 返回 
1return 作不及物动词,意为“返回go/come back,后接表示地点的名词时
to from。后接表示地点的词时不用词。 return 不能与 back 连用。
2return 用作及物动词时,表示“还”,give backreturn sth to sb return sb sth 把某
物还给某人。
9. abroad adj. & adv. 在国外 
abroad 作形容词或词,意为“在国外”,在句中可用作状语表语,修饰名词作后置定
第07讲 Unit 1 Past and present(知识点讲解+习题跟踪训练)(解析版)-【寒假自学课】2023年八年级英语寒假精品课(牛津译林版).docx

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