Unit 10 课时3 Grammar(学生版)-【帮课堂】2022-2023学年九年级英语全一册同步精品讲义(人教版)

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知识精讲
Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands
Grammar 动词不定式;it 做形式主语和形式宾语
知识点 01 动词不定式作主语
【语法详解】定义:动词不定式,由“to+动词原形”构成,为非谓语动词结构,可以用作主语、宾语、宾
语补足语、状语、定语等成分。
动词不定式作主语
1)动词不定式用作主语时一般置于句首,其谓语动词用单数形式。
如:To see is to believe(百闻不如一见);
To lean out of the window is dangerous(身子探出窗外很危险);
To learn English well is very important for students(学好英语对于学生来说至关重要。)
2)以 it 置于句首为形式主语,其后所接的动词不定式为真正的逻辑主语。
如:It's our duty to take good care of the old(照顾老人是我们的责任);
It's very interesting to swim in summer(夏天游泳很有趣);
It is a bit difficult to finish the task in three days(三天内完成这项任务有点难度的);
It is very convenient to use mobile phones for self-study(用手机自学很方便);
It’s kind of you to think so much of us(你如此为我们着想,你真是太好了);
It takes me twenty minutes to walk from my home to the school. (从我家走到学校得 20 分钟.
3whenwhathowwhere 等疑问词后接不定式置于句首时,常用作主语。
如: Where to go is still being discussed (去哪里还在讨论中);
How to solve it is still a problem(怎么解决它仍是个问题);
When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. (什么时候开会还没有定下来。)
【即学即练】It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview.
A.主语 B.表语 C.定语 D.谓语
知识点 02 动词不定式作宾语
【语法详解】动词不定式作宾语
1)在英语中,hopelearnagreerefusestartaffordpromiseaffordhatedecide 等及
物动词后可以跟不定式作宾语。如:
I hope to become an excellent doctor.(我希望成为一名出色的医生);
She promised to guard this secret.(她答应保守这个秘密);
We can't afford to go abroad this year.(今年我们负担不起出国的费用);
She offered to give us a lift.(她主动邀请我们搭车);
They decided to go to the countryside on vacation. (他们决定去农村度假。)
2telllearnknowshowdecideforget, ,wonderexplainconsiderremember find
out 等动词或词组,其后可以用“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。
如:Please tell us where to mail these letters.(请告诉我们在哪儿寄这些信);
He will show us how to play the game.(他将给我们演示怎样玩这个游戏);
We must find out what to do next.(我们一定得弄清楚下一步做什么 );
There are so many kinds of mobile phones on sale that I don’t know which to buy.(有这么多的手机在折价销
售,我拿不定主意买哪一种。)
3)在“feel/think/find/believe/make+it+形容词/名词+to do something”句型中,常用 it 表示形式宾语,而动
词不定式是真正的逻辑宾语。
如: feel it important to study hard.(我觉得努力学习很重要);
I think it our duty to protect the environment.(我认为保护环境是我们的责任);
She found it difficult to get along with that old woman(她发现那个老妇人很难相处);
Some people believe it impolite to ask someone's age. (有些人认为询问他人年龄是不礼貌的);
The Internet makes it easy to communicate with each other.(互联网使彼此之间的交流变得很容易。)
【即学即练】Mom, why did you turn down the radio?
Because I tried ________ your younger sister up.
Ato wake Bnot to wake Cwaking Dnot wake
知识点 03 动词不定式作状语
【语法详解】动词不定式作状语
1)动词不定式用作目的状语,可以位于句首、句中,意思是“为了……”,和强调的作用,
常用定结构in order to doso as to do 等。
如: To catch the early buswe got up at 500.(为了赶上早班车,我们 5点钟了);
In order to earn enough moneyhe often works late into the night. (为了到足, 他作到
。)
We went early so as to get good seats.(为了到好位,我们早早就去了。)
2)动词不定式用作结状语,常见结构有“too…to do(太……而不)”、“enough…to do(有足够…
……)” 、“only to do(结果却)” 、“so/such …as to do”(如此……以至于)等。
如:The box is too heavy for me to carry.(这个子太重了,我不动);
He is old enough to finish it for himself.(他已经长大了,足以独立完成这件事了);
We went to see her only to find her out.(我们去她,结果却发现她出去了);
She is so proud as to look down upon others. (她如此骄傲以至于不起人);
3)动词不定式用作原状语,常用结构是“sb.+be+形容词+to do ”
如:I’m glad to see you(我很高兴见到你);
She was surprised to see the man到这个子,她很吃惊;
They were excited to hear the news.到这个消息他们很动。)
之,动词不定式用法看似简单,易于出。在时的英语学习中,学们要认真学习,掌握其用
法,并适当加强训练。
Unit 10 课时3 Grammar(学生版)-【帮课堂】2022-2023学年九年级英语全一册同步精品讲义(人教版).docx

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