山西省运城市景胜学校（东校区）2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考（A）卷英语试题

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景胜学校 2023-2024 学年度第一学期高三月考（10 月）

英语试题（B 卷） 2023.10

第一部分、阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）

第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 3分，满分 45 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A B C D 四个选项中选出最佳选项

OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS

Animals Out of Paper

Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an

origami(折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe

directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St.

212-868-4444.)

The Audience

Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and

her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry

directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14.(Schoenfeld, 236

W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.)

Hamilton

Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of

America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.

17.(Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555.)

On the Twentieth Century

Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden

and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a

cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews

begin Feb. 12.(American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 212-719-1300.)

1．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?

A．A type of art. B．A teenager’s studio.

C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.

2．Who is the director of The Audience?

A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.

C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.

3．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?

A．Animals Out of Paper. B．The Audience.

C．Hamilton. D．On the Twentieth Century.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people under lockdown feel lonely and bored.

“There is a loneliness epidemic,” said John Dattilo from Pennsylvania State University, US.

So he, together with an international team of researchers, studied how to reduce loneliness

and increase positive feelings during the pandemic.

According to their new study, reducing loneliness has something to do with doing

enjoyable activities that require both concentration ( 注意力 ) and skill. When people are

absorbed in what they are doing, they enter a state called “flow”, Dattilo explained. “Flow

can be achieved by doing activities that we value and that requires us to concentrate fully to

use our skills.”

To achieve a state of flow, there must be a balance between the challenge of the task and

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your skill level. For example, if you’re trying to create a complex ( 复杂的) computer

program but your skill level is low, then you’re likely to feel stressed instead of achieving

“flow”. On the contrary(相反地), if the task is too easy, then boredom will set in and “flow”

will not appear, either. If you have artistic skills, for example, playing the piano or painting

can lead to flow. So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling, depending on who you

are.

“When we center a state of flow, we become focused, and we experience momentary

enjoyment,” Dattilo said. “When we leave a state of flow, we are often surprised by how

much time has passed.” However, watching television usually doesn’t help people enter flow,

according to Dattilo, because there aren’t any challenges.

“People tend to thrive (茁壮成长) on healthy activities and challenge,” said Dattilo. “We

hope this research will help people live fuller, happier, healthier lives”.

4．What did Dattilo study?

A．Why people feel lonely. B．How to reduce loneliness.

C．What enjoyable activities arc. D．Why people like a new challenge.

5．What does the underlined phrase “are absorbed in” probably mean?

A．Are good at. B．Are proud of.

C．Are focused on. D．Arc relaxed about.

6．How do people feel when they enter the “flow” state?

A．They are lonely and bored. B．They feel stressed and tired.

C．They are concentrating and happy. D．They feel time passes slowly.

7．According to Dattilo, the following activities can help people enter the “flow” state

except________.

A．playing the piano B．Writing C．Painting D．watching television

Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.

A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different

symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a

reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to

get the reward.

Here’s how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team,

described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On

one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a

circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the

other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would

be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be

rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.

After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the

higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not

just memorizing the value of each combination.

When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that

the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the

two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.

The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid

attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction( 小部分) of the smaller

number to it.

“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, ”Dr.

Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they’re doing is paying more attention to the

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big number than the little one.”

8．What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?

A．They fed them. B．They named them.

C．They trained them. D．They measured them.

9．How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?

A．By drawing a circle. B．By touching a screen.

C．By watching videos. D．By mixing two drinks.

10．What did Livingstone’s team find about the monkeys?

A．They could perform basic addition. B．They could understand simple words.

C．They could memorize numbers easily. D．They could hold their attention for long.

11．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Entertainment. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science.

Researchers of the University of Missouri analyzed survey data of 2,300teachers from

Missouri and Oklahoma who were asked to rate how stressed they were at work, if they found

ways to deal with work stress and how satisfied they were with their jobs. The study found

teachers who struggle to deal with the stress of their job report far lower job satisfaction

compared to teachers who find ways to manage the pressure. While the findings were not

particularly surprising, the study highlights how the ability — or inability — to deal with

work stress can be a significant factor contributing to teacher burnout, which ultimately leads

many teachers to leave the profession.

This research confirms that it is necessary to start devoting more time and resources to

helping teachers identify and adopt healthy coping mechanisms (应对机制). Finding ways to

relieve teacher stress and investing in ways to help them deal with stress in positive manners

will pay back in not having to constantly hire and train new teachers all the time. In addition,

keeping experienced teachers will likely benefit student achievement as well.

The researchers explained that positive, healthy coping mechanisms can be quick, easy

and free. One healthy coping mechanism they suggest for stressed teachers is writing and

delivering a short letter of gratitude to a colleague they enjoy working with. Simple things

like increasing positive interactions with students and peers, improving classroom

management skills, and avoiding gossip (闲话) at work can also help.

School principals, district superintendents and school administrators can all play a role

in supporting stressed teachers who may be struggling to cope. They should communicate

with teachers about their concerns, show empathy (共鸣) and check in on their health and

well-being to show the care. The overall goal is to create school environments that allow

teachers to develop and give them the tools they need to be successful.

12．Why is it necessary to adopt healthy coping mechanisms for teachers' stress?

A．Because it can prevent teachers leaving the profession.

B．Because it helps to replace old teachers with new ones.

C．Because it could help reduce dropout rates of students.

D．Because it contributes to new teachers' train and development.

13．Which of the following disagrees with recommended healthy coping mechanisms?

A．They are simple for most teachers.

B．They can take little time and money.

C．They involve many little everyday things.

D．They encourage communication of any kind.

14．How can educational administrators relieve the pressure on teachers?

A．By setting up better working conditions for teachers.

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