Unit 6 现在完成时(二)牛津深圳版英语八年级上册语法讲义

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Unit 6 现在完成时(二)
现在完成时的五个考点
1.have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别
have been to +地点 表示曾经去过某地,现人已返回。(once ,twice...)
have gone to +地点 表示人已去了某地,人还未返回。(where is sb ?)
have been in +地点 表示在某地呆多长时间。(for…../ since …..
Eg: I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京两次。
--Where is Tom?
-- He has gone to America. 汤姆在哪里? 他去了美国。
I have been in Shenzhen for two years/ since two years ago. 我已经在深圳两年了。
2. 现在完成时和一般过去时区别
现在完成时与现在有关的时态,它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。
一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关,若询问该动作发生在过去的具
体的时间时,只能用一般过去时。试比较:
The plane has arrived. 飞机已经来了。(说明现在的情况:飞机在这儿)
The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机来的发生
过去)
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I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿教了十五年。(表示十五年前的动作
一直延续到现在,还可能继续)
I taught here a year ago. 我一年前在这儿教书。(表示我现在已经不在这任教
了)
3.since for 区别
since + 时间点(过去一个时间点/ 一段时间 + ago/ 从句)
for + 时间段,与延续性动词连用。
如: I have worked in Shenzhen since 2007.
I have worked in Shenzhen since five years ago.
I have lived here since I was ten years old.
I have worked in Shenzhen for five years.
4. 短暂性动词和延续性动词区别
open, die, close, begin, come, go,
move, borrow, lend, buy
learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk,
keep, have
短暂动词不能和时间段连用,若与时间段连用,必须将短暂性动词改成延续性
动词
短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换
(1) 短暂性动词转化为意思相同的延续性动词
borrow/lend—keep 借—保有 put on—wear/ be in 穿上
become—be 变—是 get to know—know 了解
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buy—have/ own 买—拥有 catch a cold—have a cold 感冒
receive— have 收到—拥有 go to sleep—sleep 去睡觉
join— be in member of+组织/ be in the+ 组织 加入
(2)将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”
begin—be on 上演(last 持续) go there—be there 去那
come back—be back 回来 come here—be here 来这
open—be open close—be closed 关着
die—be dead marry—be married 结婚
finish—be over 结束 go to bed—be in bed 睡觉
leave—be away (from) 离开 return—be back 返回
get out—be out 出去 fall asleep—be asleep 入睡
lose—be lost 丢失 fall ill—be ill 生病
buy—have 买;borrow/lend—keep
I bought the camera last week. 我上周买了部相机。
I have had the camera for a week. 相机我买了一个星期。
die—be dead 死;leave—be away 离开
The man died two years ago. 这个男人两年前死的。
The man has been dead for two years. 这个男人死了两年了。
join—be in the +组织/ be a member of+组织
She joined the army two years ago.
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Unit 6 现在完成时(二)牛津深圳版英语八年级上册语法讲义.docx

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