Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. 阅读能力拔高练(解析版)- 九年级全册英语干货拔高秘课（人教版）

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Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.

Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, about 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent

of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now.

scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.

Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly.

These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have

shy parents. So scientist think that some shyness is genetic.

Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children.

They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. Because of that, they became shy. At the same

time, children with no brothers or sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves.

They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.

You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different

countries, they found surprising differences. in Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of

three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different

opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备)

themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as

family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This

may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.

For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class and even get a good job. But scientists say

you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don't forget—

if you are shy, you are not the only one.

1．Almost ________ percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives.

A．50 B．66 C．15 to 20 D．80

2．According to the passage, ________ may cause shyness.

A．genetics, grown-ups and birthplace B．genetics, family size and birthplace

C．family size, grown-ups and failure D．genetics, family size and freedom

3．The underlined word “genetic” in paragraph 2 means ________.

A．passed down from parents B．learned from friends

C．taught by teachers D．made up by brothers

4．Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by ________.

A．blaming their failure on outside reasons

B．trying new things and practicing conversations

C．getting themselves away from their shy parents

D．trying to understand reasons for their shyness

5．We can learn ________ from the passage.

A．most little babies are born shy and quiet

B．you will be shy forever if you are shy now

C．many shy children have older brothers and sisters

D．most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions

【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了科学家对害羞这一性格的研究成果。你害羞吗？如

果是，那么你不是一个人，研究表明很多人有这种性格。那么这种性格是怎么形成的呢？科

学家在对此研究的时候发现，可能导致害羞的原因有基因、家庭成员的数量和出生地。害羞

这种性格有很多缺点，不过它是可以改变的。可以通过接触新事物、练习交谈等方法改进。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives.”可知，几乎

“80%”的人在生活中的某个时候会感到害羞。故选 D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a

result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.”可知，害羞是因为遗传；第三段“Family size

might cause people to be shy as well.”可知，家庭规模也会导致害羞；第四段“You may also be

shy because of where you were born.”可知，你出生在哪里，也可能会是害羞的原因。分别介绍

了导致孩子的三个原因：基因、家庭人数和出生地。故选 B。

【3题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents.”可知，

有些害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母，由此判断此处意为“父母传下来的基因”。故选 A。

【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“They suggest trying new things and practicing

conversation.”可知，他们建议尝试新事物，练习交谈，这样可以改善害羞的性格。故选 B。

【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found

that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters.”可推断，许多害羞的孩子有哥哥姐姐。故选

C。

If you are always told you’re a genius, will it have any influence on your work? Will it make you work

harder and face the difficulties more bravely because you know your ability, or will it make you become lazier

because you know you’re already ahead? In a series of studies, Dweck and her team made experiment on 400

fifth graders from different parts of the United States.

First, participants（参加者）were given a series of puzzles to test their IQ. After they finished their test,

they were told their scores and praised in different ways. One group of participants were praised for their

intelligence and were told -You got X number correct. That’s really good score. You must be very smart at this.

Another group of participants were told, "You must have worked really hard." The students were then given a

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