4.4 Grammar-2021-2022学年七年级英语下册同步精品课时精讲精练（牛津译林版）

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Unit 4 Finding your way

Grammar

知识点梳理及练习：

1. Here we are.

这是一个倒装句，是“Here+主语+谓语.”句式，正常的语序应是 We are here。当 here 位于

句首时，一般要引起句子结构的倒装，如果主语是代词时，要部分倒装，即主谓不颠倒。

例句：Here you are.

Here it is.

要点拓展：如果主语是名词，则用完全倒装，即把句子谓语提到主语之前。

例句：Here comes a bus.

Here is my family photo.

练习：Here________(be) two nice photos of my family.

答案：are

2. What can you see across it?

介词 across 在……对面；横过，穿过。表示从一个平面通过，即选择较短的距离横穿过去，

常用于过路、河、桥、街等。

例句：He was afraid to go across the bridge.

要点辨析：cross, across

cross 动词，做谓语，直接接宾语。

across 介词，要和动词 walk, run, fly, jump 等连用，此时相当于 cross。

例句：Be careful when you cross the street.

=Be careful when you walk across the street.

练习：Alice stood up and ran________(cross) the field after the rabbit.

答案：across

3. The boy is outside the shop.

句中 outside 是介词，在……外面，与 inside 意思相对。

例句：Can you see what is going on outside the building?

要点拓展：outside 还可以做名词、形容词和副词。

（1）做名词，外面；外表。

例句：Don’t judge a man from his outside.

The outside of an orange is bitter, but the inside is sweet.

（2）做形容词，外部的；外面的；外表的；外来的。

例句：This is an outside door lock.

（3）做副词，在外面。

例句：It’s cold outside. Put on your coat.

练习：The________(外面的) parts of some fruits are not good to eat.

答案：outside

4. The food is above the drinks.

above 是介词，在……上面，与 below 意思相对。

例句：I raise my right hand above my head.

We can accept children above the age of 10.

要点辨析：above, over, on

above 表示“不在垂直上方”。

over 含有垂直在上的意思。

on 指与表面想接触的上方。

例句：The sun rose above the horizon.

There is a bridge over the river.

There is an oil painting on the wall.

练习：( ) -I like the weather in Kunming. It’s warm all year long.

-Yes. And the temperature stays________zero all the time.

A. at B. below C. in D. above

答案：D

5. The drinks are below the food.

below 是介词，在……下面。

例句：There are many flowers below the window.

要点辨析：below, under

below 指处于比某物低的位置，不一定在某物的正下方。反义词是 above。

under 所指范围较窄，往往表示在某物的正下方，反义词是 over。

例句：Her dress reaches just below her knees.

The cat was under the table.

练习：( ) In cold winter, the temperature in Harbin often stays________zero all day.

A. above B. below C. over D. under

答案：B

6. The sign is over the bench.

sign 指“指示牌；路标”，它指人们公认事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。

例句：Didn’t you see the sign “No Parking” on the right?

The sky is clear and there’s no sign of rain.

注意：指示牌或者路标上写着某内容时，用动词 say 而不用 write。

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