专题05 阅读理解20篇（名校最新期末真题）-2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（人教版2019）

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人教版（2019）高一英语上学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分

(名校最新期末真题)

专题 05 阅读理解 20 篇

1．先看问题，再读文章

做阅读理解是先看问题，还是先看文章，这是很多同学经常问的问题。我觉得这两种方法各有利

弊，应视具体情况而定。就阅读广告而言，还是先看问题比较好，因为广告类的试题绝大部分是寻找

信息的题目，大可不必从头读到尾，带着问题有针对性地去跳读、略读，这样就可以节约不少时间。

2．抓住广告的标题

如果广告有标题，大标题下又有小标题，那么，快速寻找原文信息时，这些标题就成了很重要的

线索，可以帮助我们快速准确地找到答案。有些题目考查的就是对广告标题的理解。

3．逐项比较，得出最佳

做阅读理解题，切不可凭主观印象，想当然地确定答案。任何一道题目，均可以在原文中找到相

关线索，这就如同破译密码一样。做题人的思维过程和编题人的思维过程恰好相反，编题人先找好线

索，然后设计问题和选项，解题人根据问题，再去文中找相关线索。因此，我们做题时要逐项比较，

排除错误选项，得出最佳答案。

4.吃透文章文章大意和中心思想

任何一篇文章都会有一个主旨和中心。有时从文章的第一个段落，甚至第一个句子即可得出文章

的主旨大意，从这一段或这个句子，我们就会知道文章描述的是什么（即文章的主题），也会了解作

者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。有时，文章的主旨要义则需从文章的字里行间去浓缩去推断。

这类试题主要考查考生略读文章、领会驾驭大意的能力，它对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。

5.理解文中具体信息

文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，

同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人员往往会要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获

得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时

则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。

6.根据上下文语境，准确推断生词的词义

正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根

本就谈不上理解文章。但英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的

语境会有所不同。能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能

力。此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推

断出来。这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是一个合格的读者所必须具备的

能力，因此也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力。

7.作出简单判断和推理

阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即作者所要传达的信息。在实际的阅读活动中，有时需要根据

文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。

8.准确把握作者的意图、观点和态度

每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道

理。而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文

章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。”

对英语阅读能力的考查是英语高考的重中之重，除阅读理解题外，其他各种题型从单项填空到书

面表达尤其是完形填空和短文该错都与我们的英语阅读能力有密切的关系。难怪有的教师在分析高考

英语试卷时得出这样的结论“得阅读者得天下”。

（2022·西藏拉萨·高一期末）The swan is a large, beautiful bird with a long neck, big white wings and

wide feet. It is a great flyer because of its strong wings. It is also a good swimmer, swimming quickly and nicely

through the water. But on dry land, it’s a different story—the swan’s heavy body and slow walk make it look a bit

funny!

Swans live anywhere there is fresh water, like lakes and slow-moving rivers. They eat water plants and small

fish. Swans are very territorial ( 地盘性的 ), which means that they protect their homes against any strangers.

When swans want to look strong, they stand up tall, show their long necks and open their big wings while letting

out big noises.

In spring, swans make a nest (巢) of tree leaves near the water. They often use the same nest year after year,

repairing it when egg laying time comes round. The mother swan lays between five and eight eggs in the nest, and

then sits on them to keep them warm and safe until about a month later, cygnets are born. Sometimes the father

swan will take the first—born cygnets out onto the water while the mother stays to look after the other eggs. The

cygnets are looked after by both parents, who will fight other animals, people or even boats if they think their

cygnets are in danger!

1．To make them look strong, swans ________.

A．swim quickly B．stand on one leg

C．move their necks often D．open their wings

2．About swans’ nests, we know that ________.

A．they build their nests after spring B．they often use the same nest every year

C．they use the nests just for laying eggs D．they build their nests under the water

3．After laying eggs, mother swans ________.

A．cover the eggs with tree leaves B．stay away and watch the eggs

C．stay to sit on top of the eggs D．have the father look after the eggs

4．The underline word “cygnets” in this passage means ________.

A．the swan nests B．the father swans

C．the baby swans D．the mother swans

（2022·甘肃兰州·高一期末）Americans like to visit the national parks. In 1996, over 250,000,000 people

visited areas which are managed by the National Park Service. Experts say that by 2012, 500,000,000 people per

year will visit the parks. As a result, people are trying to think of ways to protect the parks from the crowds.

The crowding of the parks has caused several problems. One is that there is not enough space for all of the

people who want to use the parks. To deal with this problem, you may have to book your tickets a few months

ahead of time. The Park Service may also raise entrance fees (费) .

Another problem caused by increased park use is pollution. Some garbage and waste can be cleaned up, and

the cleanup can be paid for by increased entrance fees. To cut down on noise pollution and air pollution, the

number of cars allowed in parks may be limited. If this happens, people may use buses to travel around the parks.

Officials may also limit the use of jet-skis, snow- mobiles, motor-boats, and sightseeing helicopters and planes.

The parks may also be in danger because of development that is going on around them. For example, around

Yellow Stone Park, many hotels, golf courses, resorts, and other tourist attractions have been built. Some of these

developments have effect on areas that are used by animals. People will have to learn to agree about ways to

protect the parks. If they do not, there will soon be no reason to visit these national treasures.

5．Which of the following is true according to the text?

A．Visitors will pay less than before.

B．The parks are not big enough to hold all visitors.

C．Visitors may not necessarily buy tickets ahead of time.

D．Only buses are allowed to enter the parks.

6．Entrance fees may be increased ________.

A．because the National Park Service are short of money

B．only for the development of the national parks

C．to protect the animals

D．mainly to limit the number of visitors

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