专题2.词汇拓展、语法清单及语法填空精练（教师版）--2022-2023学年高一英语期末考点大串讲（人教版2019）

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词汇拓展、语法清单及语法填空精练

一．必记词汇拓展

1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡

2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n．效果；影响→effective adj.有效的→affection n．喜欢；

喜爱；感情

3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的

4．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的

5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的

6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的

7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．受难；苦楚

8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n．喷发

9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生还→survivor n．幸存者；生还者

10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现

11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交

12．length n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长

13．reference n．指称关系；参考→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于

14．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→base vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→basis n．基础→basic adj.基础的

15．variety n．异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→various adj.各种各样的

16．major adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→majority n．大多数

17．global adj.全球的；全世界的→globe n．地球；地球仪

18．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→appreciation n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的

19．beg vt.恳求；祈求→beggar n．乞丐

20．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等

21．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→demanding adj.要求高的

22．description n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描述

23．relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n．关系→relationship n．关系

24．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→create vt.创造

→creativity n．创造性；创造力

25．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotion n．提升；推销；晋级

26．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→apply vt.& vi.申请；应用→applicant n．申请人

27．proposal n．提议；建议→propose vt.提议；建议

28．establish vt.建立；创立→establishment n．建立；创立

29．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的

30．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n．防止；预防→preventive adj.预防性的；防备的

31．loss n．丧失；损失→lose vt.丢失→lost adj.迷路的；失去的

32．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助

34．donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠；赠送→donor n．捐赠者；捐赠人

35．disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearance n．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance n．

出现；外表

36．professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业选手→profession n．专业；职业→professor n．教

授

37．tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的

38．comparison n．比较；相比→compare vt.& vi.与……相比较

39．illegal adj.不合法的；非法的→illegally adv.不合法地；非法地→legal adj.合法的

40．alarming adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的 → alarm vt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n．恐慌；警报；警报器

→alarmed adj.害怕的

41．extinct adj.已灭绝的→extinction n．灭绝

42．aware adj.知道；发觉；有……意识的→awareness n．意识→unaware adj.未发觉的；不知道的

43．endanger vt.使遭受危险；危害→endangered adj.濒危的→danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的

44．concern vt.涉及；让……担忧→concerned adj.担心的；关切的→concerning prep.关于

45．adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应；使适合→adaptation n．适应；改编本→adaptable adj.适应性强的

46．beauty n．美；美人；美好的东西→beautiful adj.美丽的；美好的→beautify vt.美化

47．effective adj.有效的；生效的→effect n．效果；影响→affect vt.影响；侵袭

48．recover vi.恢复；康复 vt.找回；寻回→recovery n．恢复

49．intend vi.& vt.打算；计划；想要→intention n．意图；打算

50．threat n．威胁→threaten vt.威胁；危及

51．exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存

52．unusual adj.特别的；不寻常的→usual adj.常见的，寻常的

53．convenient adj.方便的；近便的→convenience n．方便→inconvenience n．不便

54．benefit n．益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有益的

55．distance n．距离→distant adj.遥远的；疏远的→distantly adv.疏远地

56．inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奋的→inspired adj.受启发的；受鼓

舞的→inspiration n．灵感；启发

57．access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取→accessible adj.可以进入的；

可以使用的

58．privacy n．隐私；私密→private adj.私人的；秘密的→privately adv.私下地

59．theft n．偷(窃)；盗窃罪→thief n．小偷

60．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗鲁，粗暴

61．false adj.假的；错误的→fault n．错误；瑕疵

62．embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的→embarrassed adj.感到难堪(尴尬)的→embarrassment n．尴尬

随堂练习

一

1．During the forum，Dong Qing，a famous who often wonderful programs，shared her experience of

creating the reader.(host)

2．My sister is a girl，so we know that once she has determined to do something，she will make her dream

come true with great .(determine)

3．Though the art show to attract as many visitors as we had expected，it was far from being a failure；it

was a great success.(fail)

4．The official is more aware of than before and he works out in gyms to keep regularly.(fit)

5．More than 10,000 from different countries came to Beijing and with each other in the

games for medals.(compete)

6．Amazingly，the more the job is，the better your performance will be.In other words，feeling

benefits your performance in a way.(stress)

7．The soldier got in the battle and suffered a serious in the left ankle.(injure)

【答案】 1.hostess ，hosts 2.determined ，determination3.failed ，failure4.fitness ，fit 5.competitors

，competed ，competitive 6.stressful ，stressed 7.injured ，injury

二

1．People were to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother.The news

all the people around.(shock)

2． (bury) in her graduation paper，Mary has no time to do a part-time job.

3．We measured the of the living room and found it was 6.3 meters .(long)

4．With the government’s aid，those (affect) by the earthquake have moved to new shelters.

5．Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of .Thanks to the swimming skills，he

and his friend succeeded in the terrible flood and they were the only two survivors.(survive)

6．Both of the ways are (effect) and which one to choose is really a matter of personal preference.

7．The disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 up to now.(dead)

【答案】1.shocked ，shocking ，shocked 2.Buried3.length ，long4.affected5.survival，surviving ，survivors

6.effective7.deaths

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