专题01 阅读理解（最新名校模拟题）-冲刺2023年高考英语终极题型预测（全国卷专用）

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2023 年高考英语必考题型终极预测（最新名校模拟题）

专题 01 阅读理解

（2022·河南·模拟预测）Parents annoyed by their little ones’ picky food choices often sigh in anger,

thinking, “They’ll grow out of it by college.” Maybe not, suggests a new study from Bowling Green State

University in Ohio. Some young people continue their picky eating into early adulthood, often restricting

their diets to 10 foods or even fewer. Such a deficient diet can mean they’re not getting the fibre and

vegetables they need, which could be a health problem. They study also suggests picky eaters may also be

experiencing other challenges such as social phobias (恐惧症), including around eating. The social phobia

is the fear of being judged by others during everyday activities, often resulting in fear or embarrassment.

For the study, researchers surveyed 488 Midwestern college students. About 40% of the students were

identified as picky eaters. And about 65% of those respondents said they ate fewer than 10 foods. “We

asked participants to just tell us what challenges around picky eating might have had or any benefits they

might see, and people answered differently in terms of what has an effect on them,” said co-author Lauren

Dial, a doctoral student at Bowling Green State at the time of the study.

Many indicated they’d eat less or not at all outside the home. One 19-year-old man said he’d drink

water half the time “due to my picky eating”, according to the study. Another 18-year-old said, “Sometimes

there are some awkward comments when I am eating with my girlfriend and her family.” A 23-year-old

woman said her parents would get frustrated at her refusal to try the foods she was served.

“Picky eating does have a lot to do with the presentation of foods (how they’re presented on a plate),

and the texture (口感) of foods (is it a consistent texture),” Dial Said, “but there’s also fear of trying new

foods and that might play into picky eating.” By learning more about picky eating in adults, the researchers

said they may be able to determine how best to intervene (干预) before the problem becomes more severe

for some people.

1．What can best replace the underlined word “deficient” in paragraph 1?

A．Limited. B．Low-fat. C．Balanced. D．High-fibre.

2．What were the participants asked to do during the research?

A．Record how often they eat out. B．Ignore what influences their eating.

C．Express how picky eating affects them. D．Count how many kinds of foods they prefer.

3．How does the author mainly develop paragraph 3?

A．By presenting data. B．By providing examples.

C．By following time order. D．By making comparisons.

4．What can be inferred about picky eating the last paragraph?

A．It has something to do with family traditions.

B．It can be easily cured by researchers.

C．It often comes along with serious mental illnesses.

D．It can have both physical and mental reasons.

（2022· 河南省叶县高级中学模拟预测） Chang’e-5 returned to Earth on December 16, 2020,

carrying around 2 kilograms of rocks and soils from the moon. The successful mission (任务) marks a big

step forward for China’s space industry.

“These samples will be a treasure chest!” Brad Jolliff, director of the McDonnell Center for the

Space Sciences at Washington University, wrote in an email, “My hat is off to our Chinese colleagues for

accomplishing a very difficult task.”

The newly collected rocks come from a place close to the Mons Rumker that was believed to have

been volcanic in ancient times. By comparison, the age of these samples are thought to be billions of years

younger than those brought to Earth by Apollo astronauts in the 1970s. They will help scientists fill in a gap

in knowledge about the history of the moon between roughly one billion and three billion years ago. They

may also help scientists study the useful materials on the moon.

Chang’e-5 is the third phase of the Chinese lunar exploration project started in the early 2000s.

Orbiters Chang’e-1 and 2 and the landing and roving missions Chang’e-3 and 4 marked the first two stages.

Chang’e-5 mission is much more challenging than previous missions. New challenges include the

sampling and following stages. “We usually completed the rocket launching ( 发射) on the earth at a fixed

point. We have a proven technique in this field. But we still have difficulties in the liftoff of a lunar lander.

We have never tried this before,” said Yu Dengyun, deputy chief designer of China’s lunar exploration

program.

The success of Chang’e-5 sample return mission has shown that China is able to carry out its plan to

build a long-term crewed International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) in the lunar south pole region during

2036~2045. Success of Chang’e-5 will also see Chang’e-6 repurposed for a landing at the lunar south pole

around 2023. Chang’e-6 is a sample return spacecraft engineered at the same time as Chang’e-5 to provide

a backup in the event of failure.

5．Why is Brad Jolliff so excited about the lunar samples returned by Chang’e-5?

A．They are collected for the first time. B．They are from a live volcano.

C．They will provide more valuable data. D．They are billions of years older.

6．What can be inferred from paragraph 5?

A．China has overcome the difficulties in building ILRS.

B．Yu was worried about Chang’e-5 sample return mission.

C．China is ready for more challenging lunar explorations.

D．The 2036~2045 mission will be much more challenging.

7．Which spacecraft is very similar to Chang’e-5?

A．Chang’e-2. B．Chang’e-3. C．Chang’e-4. D．Chang’e-6.

8．What is the best title for the text?

A．China’s Great Win Over the United States

B．China’s Lunar Explorations in Twenty Years

C．Future Exploration Programs for Chang’e Spacecrafts

D．Chang’e-5 Lunar Sample Return Mission Accomplished

（2022·安徽·芜湖一中一模）Icehouse and ice ticket

As early as Pre-Qin Dynasty, people used natural ice to keep food fresh and make cold drinks. The

Zhou royal court had a specialized department called “ice administration”. They collected natural ice

blocks each December to store in the icehouse. During the Qing Dynasty, “ice tickets” were used and they

were available only to officials and the rich.

Ice container

The most commonly used cooling tool is called “Jian”, which is a big container filled with ice. It was

made of clay in early Chinese history, and was later made of copper ( 铜). The “Jian” can be seen as an

ancient refrigerator, which can be used to make cold drinks.

Hiding food in the well

During the Qin and Han dynasties, for common people, the most common way to cool off is by using

their wells. Some families put a pot in the well as a cold closet, or put food in a basket and lowered the

basket into the well with a rope.

Herbal drinks

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