2020版高考英语新课标大二轮专题辅导与增分攻略+专题一　语法填空1-2-1第1节　名词+含答案

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第二讲　“有提示词类”解题攻略

第1节　名词

Step1 典题感悟·高考名题这样考

考查角度 1　名词变复数

1．(2019·北京卷) No matter what you like to do，there is a way to

get involved in various ____________(activity) on Earth Day.

[解析]　考查名词复数。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法

可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词 various 可知，

此处要用名词的复数形式。故填 activities。

[答案]　activities

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a

study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of

running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all

____________ (cause)．

[解析]　考查名词复数。此处 cause 是可数名词，意为“原因”，

句中的 all 表示 “所有 ”，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填

causes。

[答案]　causes

3．(2018·浙江卷)Making Chinese ____________ (dish) is seen as

especially troublesome.

[解析]　考查名词复数。dish 是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用

其复数形式 dishes。

[答案]　dishes

4．(2017· 全国卷 Ⅲ )She has turned down several

_______(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her

studies.

[解析]　考查名词复数。根据句意可知她已拒绝了好几个邀请，

前面有 several 修饰，故用 invitation 的复数形式。

[答案]　invitations

考查角度 2　动词变名词

5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When they were free from work, they invited

us to local events and let us know of an interesting

____________(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.

[解析]　考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词 an 与空格后的不定式

to watch 可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填 competition。

[答案]　competition

6．(2019· 浙江卷)Other American studies showed no

____________(connect) between uniforms and school performance.

[解析]　考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表演

之间没有联系。 no 是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词

可用复数也可用单数形式。 connect 是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，

要用其名词形式。故填 connection/connections。

[答案]　connection/connections

7．(2018· 全国卷 Ⅱ )This switch has decreased

____________(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and

made drinking water safer for people.

[解析]　考查词性转换。此处应填 pollute 的名词形式 pollution

作宾语。

[答案]　pollution

8．(2018·浙江卷)Researchers have found that there is a direct link

between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in

____________(weigh)problems.

[解析]　考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示“体重问题”，空

处需要填名词 weight。

[答案]　weight

9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This development was only possible with the

____________(introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.

[解析]　考查词性转换。空格前是 the，后面应该是名词，故填

名词 introduction。

[答案]　introduction

考查角度 3　形容词变名词

10．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes

the adobe dwellings admirable is their ____________(able) to “air

condition” a house without using electric equipment.

[解析]　考查词性转换。空格前是 their, 后面应该是名词，故填

名词 ability。

[答案]　ability

考查角度 4　名词变名词

11 ．(2018· 全国卷 Ⅲ )My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a

____________(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.

[解析]　考查词性转换。空格前是 a, 后面应该是表“人”的名

词，故填名词 scientist。

[答案]　scientist

Step2 知识储备·抓重破难补短板

一、名词的单复数的规则变化

1．一般在名词词尾直接加 s。例如： friend 朋友 → friends,

member 成员→members, change 变化→changes, wing 翅膀→wings。

①(2019·郑州高中第三次质量预测)This complete set of laws can

give us the ____________(answer)to questions like “How did the

universe begin？”．

[答案]　answers

2．词尾是 s, x, ch, sh 时一般加 es。例如：bus 公共汽车→buses,

fox 狐狸→foxes, coach 教练→coaches, branch 树枝→branches, bush 灌

木丛→bushes。

注意：stomach(胃部)的复数形式是在词尾直接加 s。

②(2019·武汉市五月训练题)She had two lowsodium(低钠) bacon

____________(sandwich) with a diet soda for lunch.

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2020版高考英语新课标大二轮专题辅导与增分攻略+专题一　语法填空1-2-1第1节　名词+含答案.docx

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