：必修二短文改错语法填空高频考点精讲

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短文改错

动词形，名词数, 还要注意形和副;非谓语，细辨别,代词格，细领悟;

介词冠词常常考，习惯用法要记好；句子成分多分析；逻辑连词须关注。

★ 动词形

1. 时态

1) does --- did 2) have / has + pp. --- had + pp. 3) have/has/had + pp. --- did

识别标志词时态与时间状语

一般现在时 am / is / are + n. / adj. ; do / does

every...，sometimes, on Sundays, often, always, usually, seldom,

1. 火车, 飞机时刻表 2. Here / There 3. 主将从现 4. 爱好

◆动词第三人称单数变化规则

1) 一般加 -s. 2) 以ch, sh, s, x 或 o 结尾的动词,在后面加 -es。

3) 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，把 y变为 i 再加 -es.

一般过去时 was / were + n. / adj.; did

yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982，just now, used to 

1. It was + 时间点 + when … did 2. for + 时间段

◆动词过去式/过去分词的变化规则

1）一般加 ed 2）以不发音的 e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 d，如：

　　3）以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，把 y变为 i 再加 ed，

　　4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 ed，如：

　　stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped

一般将来时 will / be going to / be to / be about to

next...，tomorrow，in+时间

过去将来时常用于宾语从句中, the next week; the following month

现在进行时 am / is / are doing

now, right, at present,

◆动名词的规则变化

1) 一般情况下，直接在动词后加－ing （现在进行时）work working study - studying

2) 动词以不发音的－e结尾，要去－e加－ing take - taking make - making

3) 重读闭音节的动词，要双写词尾字母，再加－ing cut - cutting put begin

4) 以－ie 结尾的动词，把变成 y再加－ing lie - lying tie - tying

过去进行时 were / was doing

the whole morning，all day，yesterday，from nine to ten, last evening...when，while

主句： was / were + doing when did

现在完成时 have / has + pp.

for ，since ，so far ，ever ，never ，just ，yet ，till/until ，up to now ，in / over the past / last

years，recently

It is + 时间段 + since … did

This / That / It is the first time that 现完 ( have / has + pp.)

was 过完 ( had + pp. )

过去完成时 had + pp.

before, hardly … when, by the end of last month/years…, by the time+ 过去时间

宾从 / 状从

【例 1】I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me?

【例 2】Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers.

【例 3】Since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.

2. and / or / but

1) 词性一致 / 时态一致 2) 并列句 3) and --- but / or

【例 4】Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.

【例 5】I felt tired after a day’s work and watched TV demands little effort.

【例 6】I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor

3. 主 / 被

1) was / were + pp. --- did 2) have / has + pp. --- have / has been pp. 3) had + pp. --- had been pp.

构成

am / is / are + pp. was / were + pp.

am / is / are being + pp. was / were being + pp.

will be + pp. would be + pp.

have / has + been +pp. had +been + pp.

情态动词 + be + pp.

1．主动表被动

① need / want / require / deserve ② be worth doing

③ be easy / hard / difficult / glad to do ④ be to blame

⑤ measure / weigh

2．无被动

① feel / sound / taste / smell / look ② remain

③ write / sell / wash / burn / open / cook 与 well / easily / smoothly 连用

④ “发生”come about / take place / break out / happen

⑤ come across / come up / consist of / turn out / date from

★gone / missing 不表被动进行

4. 主动不带 to，被动加 to “吾看三室两厅一感觉”

eg. Someone was heard to come up the stair.

【例 7】Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.

【例 8】Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.

4. 非谓语动词

① 表目的：to do

② 动名词作主语

③ 分词（定语 / 状语）

作状语：

1) ______ (v.) …, 主 + 谓… . 2) 主 + 谓… . , ______ (v.) …

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