《备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(新高考专用)》考点09-定语从句与语法填空(解析版)

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考点 09 定语从句(解析
版)
【考点解读】
定语从句的用法较为复杂,高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外,还常常结合句式结构、
时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题,不难发现其考点主要包括:
1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如: that, which where, when 的区分; that, which why
的区分等。
2. whose 的使用。whose 可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时,
whose+名词=名词+ of which of which+名词。如:
The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor.
3. as/which 导的定语其要whichas 引导性定
itwhat 引导的主语从句的区分。
4. 考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如:
I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.
5. 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代
词指人时用 whom,指物时用 which,不能用 that。关系代词作定语时也可用 whose。如:
The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.
6. 考查一些特殊的先行词。如: situation, point, case, activity, scene period, festival, occasion
等出现时,要注意具体情况具体分析; 作主语、宾语和表语时, 用关系代词 that/which; 作状语
, 用关系副词 where/when 或“介词+which”, 表示在某种特定的情形下。
7. 考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。
【高考预测】
关系which/
that/as/ when/where 的用法及区别性的选择等,及与其他从句如名词性从句的区别等。在高考
的中主要体现在语法填空、短文改错、完形填空等中,且完形填空 80%每年会出一道题。
【重要考向】
一、关系代词引导的定语从句;
二、关系副词引导的定语从句;
三、“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句;
四、as 引导的定语从句;
关系词
先行
从句成
例句 备注
who 人 主语
Do you know the man who is talking with your
mother? whom,which
that 在从句中
,
,但介
提前时后面关
系代词不能省
,
that
whom 人 宾语
Mr Smith is the person with whom I am working.
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
whose
人 、
定语
I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
that
人 、
主语、
宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which
主语、
宾语
The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was
terrible.
as
人 、
主语、
宾语
He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
as 作宾语一般
不省略
when 时间
时间状
I will never forget the day when we met there.
可 用 on which
替换
where 地点 地 点 状 This is the house where I was born. 可 用 in which
语 替换
why 原因
原因状
I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my
offer.
可 用 for which
替换
关系代词引导的定语从句
【典例】
2022.1 浙江卷语法填空】
Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta ,is one of a small
but growing minority of academics 56
are cutting back on their air travel because of
climate change.
【参考答案】
考查定语从句的关系代词。根据句子结构可知,空白处缺少引导定语从句的关系代词。先行
academics(大学教师),关系代词在此指人,在定语从句中作主语,故填 who
that。故填 whothat
【关系代词引导的定语从句提分秘籍】
引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等,关系代词可作主语、
宾语、定语等。
1who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、
宾语等。
I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English
speech contest last year.
我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。
2whose 既可指人又可指物,在定语从句中作定语。指物时,“whose+名词”可用
the+名词+of which”或“of whichthe+名词”来代替。
Do you know the boy whose handwriting is very beautiful?
你认识那个书法非常漂亮的男孩吗?

标签: #语法填空

《备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(新高考专用)》考点09-定语从句与语法填空(解析版).docx

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