专题01 有提示词之给出动词原形（原卷版）-备战2023年高考英语语法填空技巧指导＋精做50题冲刺100分 -

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专题 01-有提示词之给出动词原形

[技巧指导]

当给出的提示词为动词时,设空处一般会考查动词的;常见时态、语态和主谓一致或非谓语

动词。

1.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致

第一步:分析句子结构,确定句中是否缺少谓语。如果缺少谓语动词,则是考查动词的时态、

语态和主谓一致。

[示例] (2020·山东高考)Often, only a small part of a museum's collection __ (be) on display.

[分析]　is　“a part of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常与 of 后名词的数保持一致。本

句中 a small part of 后的名词为 a museum's collection，故填 is。

[示例] (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I

____ (make) over the years.

[分析]have made　根据空格后的时间状语 over the years 可知，句子要用现在

完成时。

[示例] (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)You can't help wondering how hard it ______(be) for the people

then to put all those rocks into place.

[分析] 由空后的 then 以及语境可知,这里描述的是“……对当时的人们来说,把那些石头

放在正确的位置是多么困难”,句子的时态应为一般过去时。又因主语是 it,要用第三人称

单数,故填 was。

第二步:看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系,以确定用主动语态还是被动语态,同

时根据语境考虑,用哪种时态,还要注意主谓一致。

[示例] (2021·全国甲卷)It______(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and

has now been completely restored(修复).

[分析] 分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语,与主语 it 构成被动关系,故用被动语态;且

根据 originally 可知,此处描述的是过去的情况,故用一般过去时,故填 was built.

2.考查非谓语动词

第一步:若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语动词时,应考虑该空考查非谓语动词。

第二步:根据非谓语动词在句中所作成分、句式的特殊要求,确定用非谓语动词的哪种形式。

第三步:确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。一般而言，v.－ing

形式表示主动、进行；v.－ed 形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或

一次性的动作。

[示例] (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They represent the earth _____ (come) back to life and best wishes

for new beginnings.

[分析]　coming　句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新的开始的美好祝愿。句中谓语动

词为 represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词 earth 与come back to 之间为主动关系，所以

用现在分词作后置定语。故填 coming。

[示例 ] (2018· 全国卷 Ⅰ)You don't have to run fast or for long ____ (see) the

benefit.

[分析]to see　句中已有谓语部分 don't have to run 且无连词，所以空格处应填

非谓语动词，根据语境可知此处为目的状语，故应填动词不定式。

[示例](2021·浙江 1月高考)In 1985， urban men and women in more than three quarters of

the countries______(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.

[分析] 根据语境可知,该句谓语动词为 had,故此空应填 study 的非谓语动词形式,此处作

countries 的后置定语;而 countries 与 study 之间为动宾关系,故填 studied。

3.考查词类转换

有时所给提示词虽然是动词,但是空格处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词,而是要

求进行词类转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需

根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。

[示例](2021·浙江 6月高考)In 1844 they bought it for$1,200 and some land from Charles

Dresser, who performed their______ (marry) ceremony in 1842

[分析] 根据设空前的形容词性物主代词 their 可知,此处要用名词 marriage 作 ceremony

的定语,表示“结婚仪式,结婚典礼”。故填 marriage。

[示例] (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Chinese New Year is a ____ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter

season and the beginning of spring.

[分析]　celebration　不定冠词 a后接名词形式。故填 celebration。

[示例] (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and

let us know of an interesting _____ (compete) to watch.

[分析]　competition　根据空格前的冠词＋形容词 an interesting 可知，此处应填所给词

的名词形式 competition。

〖精练细做 50 题〗

1. （2021 浙江 1月,62 ）In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the

countries 　　　　(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.

2. （2022 新高考 I卷） The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that

_________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant

pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.

3. （2022 新高考 I卷） __________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone

National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.

4. （2022 新高考 I卷） The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of

“protecting the authenticity and integrity( 完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological

diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets( 资产)for

future generations”.

5.（2022 新高考 I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were

previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one

authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.

6. （2022 新高考 II 卷） When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment

balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his

arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.

7.（2022 新高考 II 卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up

and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.

8. （2022 新高考 II 卷） He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly

_________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.

9. （2022 新高考 II 卷） He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________ (see)

them.

10.（2022 年浙江卷 1月）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and

she plans ____________（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a

really positive change."

11.（2022 全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six

continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.

12. （2022 全国乙卷）The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society _________

(address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace

of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other

countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community

with a shared future for mankind,” he said.

13. （2021 新高考 I卷） But that’s how nature is —always leaving us

_____________（astonish）.

14.（2022 北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying

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专题01 有提示词之给出动词原形（原卷版）-备战2023年高考英语语法填空技巧指导＋精做50题冲刺100分 -.docx

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