2023届广东省佛山市高三上学期普通高中教学质量检测（一）英语试题 含解析

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2022～2023 学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测(一)
英语
2022. 12
本试卷共 8页 满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动 ,
用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上
无效。因不考听力, 试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始, 试题序号从“21”开始。
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共15 小题：每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Total Solar Eclipse 2023 Australia
One of nature’s most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)－will take place on the western edge of
Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this event: on a cruise(航游)at
sea.
There have been only five total solar eclipses in Australia over the past century and this is the first hybrid
eclipse in more than 1000 years. Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail
Beall to accompany you. You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures and
stargazing on land and at sea. Abigail will be on hand throughout, giving lectures on the history and science of
eclipses, the black hole at the centre of the galaxy-along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing.
Plus, there will be additional talks from the Astronomical Society of Australia. Click here for detailed arrangements
of the tour.
Single occupancy Per guest based on two people sharing
Interior cabin £2, 429 £1,699
Oceanview cabin £3, 229 £2, 199
If you wish to add a third adult or child to your room, please ask for a quote.
Alongside the cruise, you can also explore some of Australia’s best scientific and natural phenomena with a
series of tailored add-on tours covering astronomy on the east coast and visits to Uluru, Sydney, the Great Barrier
Reef and much more. On the last day of the tour, we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home,
or you can join one of our add-on tours. Click here for full details about add-on tours.
1. What makes the cruise different from others?
A. A specialist’s guidance.
B. A talk with astronomers.
C. A chance for stargazing
D. A meeting with astronauts.
2. How much should a couple pay for a tour in a Oceanview cabin?
A. £ 3, 229. B. £2, 199. C. £. 6, 458 D. £ 4, 398.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To celebrate a historic event.
B. To advertise a special cruise.
C. To introduce a travel agency.
D. To explain a natural phenomenon.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章是为可以参加澳大利亚西部边缘发生的日全食的海上巡航做广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall
to accompany you. (与其他游轮不同的是，我们有著名的天文学家阿比盖尔·比尔陪同您。)”可知，专家的
指导让这个游轮与众不同。故选 A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格 Oceanview cabin 后的“Per guest based on two people sharing £2, 199(按两人分摊每位
客人 2199 英镑计算)”可知，夫妇两人要 2199 乘以 2=4398 英镑。故选 D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“One of nature's most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)－will take place
on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this
event: on a cruise(航游)at sea.(自然界最引人注目的事件之一——日全食——将于 2023 年4月20 日在澳大利
亚西部边缘发生，我们为你选择了享受这一事件的完美方式:在海上巡航。)”可知，本文的目的是为一次
特别巡游做广告。故选 B。
B
Deveza’s mother was on the waiting list for a kidney transplant(肾移植). Deveza wanted to donate one of her
own kidneys—but she was turned down because she might develop the same health problems as her mother in later
life.
Deveza came up with a different plan. In 2017, she started the world’s first paired exchange of different organs
between living donors, exchanging half her liver(肝) for someone else’s kidney. A case study of the organ exchange
has now been published, and the surgeons who were involved are calling for more exchanges like this. “You can
imagine the enormous impact for mixed organ extended chains,” says John Roberts, a surgeon at University of
California, San Francisco.
Most organ transplants come from people who have died, but there are never enough organs. As most people
can manage with just one of their kidneys, people with kidney failure are increasingly receiving donated organs
from relatives or friends. If someone wants to donate but their immune(免疫的) system is unsuited, doctors may be
able to find pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the other’s relative.
When Deveza was looking into such chains, she came across research describing the idea of trading a kidney
with the only other organ generally taken from a living donor—the liver. She suggested the idea to many hospitals
before she finally contacted Roberts, who saw the idea’s potential.
Deveza was assessed to be in good enough health to donate part of her liver. It then took 18 months to find
Annie Simmons, in Idaho, whose liver was unsuitable to use as a transplant for her sister with severe liver disease.
They drew up a plan: Simmons would donate a kidney to Deveza’s mother, and in return, Deveza would give half
her liver to Simmons’ sister. The hospital gave the go-ahead and the four operations took place on the same day
successfully.
The team hope that the ground-breaking case will inspire more people to consider doing the same. Roberts
says that direct exchanges involving two donors could enable up to thirty extra living-donor liver transplants a year
—a ten percent increase.
4. What did Deveza do to save her mother?
A. Carrying out a case study.
B. Calling for kidney donations.
C. Launching a medical experiment.
D. Trading half her liver for a kidney.
5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Patients’ desperation to survive.
B. Several sources of organ donation.
C. Current situation of organ transplants.
D. Doctors’ efforts to improve organ transplants.
6. What can be inferred about the organ exchange between Deveza and Simmons?
A. It discouraged organ donation.
B. It brought two families together.
C. It met with widespread approval.
D. It produced a desirable outcome.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. My Liver, Your Kidney
B. Mother’s Love, Our Happiness
C. Organ Transplant: Blessing for Patients
D. Organ Exchange: Major Medical Advances
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了 Deveza 用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈，并
取得了成功。这一成功的案例具有积极的影响。
2023届广东省佛山市高三上学期普通高中教学质量检测（一）英语试题 含解析.docx

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