2023届广东省佛山市高三上学期普通高中教学质量检测（一）英语试题

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2022～2023 学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测(一)
英语
2022. 12
本试卷共 8页 满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
注意事项：
1 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动 ,
用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上
无效。因不考听力, 试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始, 试题序号从“21”开始。
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共15 小题：每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Total Solar Eclipse 2023 Australia
One of nature’s most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)－will take place on the western edge of
Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this event: on a cruise(航游)at
sea.
There have been only five total solar eclipses in Australia over the past century and this is the first hybrid
eclipse in more than 1000 years. Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail
Beall to accompany you. You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures and
stargazing on land and at sea. Abigail will be on hand throughout, giving lectures on the history and science of
eclipses, the black hole at the centre of the galaxy-along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing.
Plus, there will be additional talks from the Astronomical Society of Australia. Click here for detailed arrangements
of the tour.
Single occupancy Per guest based on two people sharing
Interior cabin £2, 429 £1,699
Oceanview cabin £3, 229 £2, 199
If you wish to add a third adult or child to your room, please ask for a quote.
Alongside the cruise, you can also explore some of Australia’s best scientific and natural phenomena with a
series of tailored add-on tours covering astronomy on the east coast and visits to Uluru, Sydney, the Great Barrier
Reef and much more. On the last day of the tour, we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home,
or you can join one of our add-on tours. Click here for full details about add-on tours.
1. What makes the cruise different from others?
A. A specialist’s guidance.
B. A talk with astronomers.
C. A chance for stargazing
D. A meeting with astronauts.
2. How much should a couple pay for a tour in a Oceanview cabin?
A. £ 3, 229. B. £2, 199. C. £. 6, 458 D. £ 4, 398.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To celebrate a historic event.
B. To advertise a special cruise.
C
.
To introduce a travel agency.
D. To explain a natural phenomenon.
B
Deveza’s mother was on the waiting list for a kidney transplant(肾移植). Deveza wanted to donate one of her
own kidneys—but she was turned down because she might develop the same health problems as her mother in later
life.
Deveza came up with a different plan. In 2017, she started the world’s first paired exchange of different organs
between living donors, exchanging half her liver(肝) for someone else’s kidney. A case study of the organ exchange
has now been published, and the surgeons who were involved are calling for more exchanges like this. “You can
imagine the enormous impact for mixed organ extended chains,” says John Roberts, a surgeon at University of
California, San Francisco.
Most organ transplants come from people who have died, but there are never enough organs. As most people
can manage with just one of their kidneys, people with kidney failure are increasingly receiving donated organs
from relatives or friends. If someone wants to donate but their immune(免疫的) system is unsuited, doctors may be
able to find pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the other’s relative.
When Deveza was looking into such chains, she came across research describing the idea of trading a kidney
with the only other organ generally taken from a living donor—the liver. She suggested the idea to many hospitals
before she finally contacted Roberts, who saw the idea’s potential.
Deveza was assessed to be in good enough health to donate part of her liver. It then took 18 months to find
Annie Simmons, in Idaho, whose liver was unsuitable to use as a transplant for her sister with severe liver disease.
They drew up a plan: Simmons would donate a kidney to Deveza’s mother, and in return, Deveza would give half
her liver to Simmons’ sister. The hospital gave the go-ahead and the four operations took place on the same day
successfully.
The team hope that the ground-breaking case will inspire more people to consider doing the same. Roberts
says that direct exchanges involving two donors could enable up to thirty extra living-donor liver transplants a year
—a ten percent increase.
4. What did Deveza do to save her mother?
A. Carrying out a case study.
B. Calling for kidney donations.
C. Launching a medical experiment.
D. Trading half her liver for a kidney.
5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Patients’ desperation to survive.
B. Several sources of organ donation.
C. Current situation of organ transplants.
D. Doctors’ efforts to improve organ transplants.
6. What can be inferred about the organ exchange between Deveza and Simmons?
A. It discouraged organ donation.
B. It brought two families together.
C. It met with widespread approval.
D. It produced a desirable outcome.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. My Liver, Your Kidney
B. Mother’s Love, Our Happiness
C. Organ Transplant: Blessing for Patients
D
.
Organ Exchange: Major Medical Advances
C
It’s no secret now that the more time we spend on social media, the more we feel dissatisfied with ourselves.
We tend to compare ourselves to influences and celebrities- so it’s easy to understand how that can affect our
confidence.
But, how often have you found yourself comparing your life to your friends? Engaging with social media
shared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at content shared by celebrities, new research has found.
The study looking at how social media affects body image found that any social media engagement was
significantly associated with lower “appearance satisfaction”. Additionally, it found that engaging with content
posted by people the participants knew was more than twice as damaging as looking at content posted by strangers,
including celebrities.
Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin University, believes this is partly because we
know it’s hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influences, but when we’re comparing ourselves to our friends, it
feels like we should- or could-live the way they do.
“One possible explanation is that people may perceive a post showing appearance as being much more
attainable if it comes from someone they know, adding expectation or pressure on the person engaging in the post,
” he said. “At the same time, people may be more critically engaged with posts by the likes of models and
celebrities, and therefore perceive the images they share to be more unrealistic. “
This is not just confined to body image though. We all have one area in our lives that triggers(触 发)us.
Maybe you’ve been searching for a new job for months and you find yourself on social media, envying your school
friend who just landed their dream role. Maybe. . .
All this is to say the obvious: we only see part of people’s lives -and if it’s getting you down, you’re probably
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