期末复习三 九年级Unit1-10重点语法3(被动语态)-初三《新题速递·英语》（同步课堂必刷题）11月刊(解析版)

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2021 届初三《新题速递·英语》（同步课堂必刷题）11 月刊
期末复习三
九年级 Unit1-10 重点语法讲解及练习 3—被动语态(解析版)
被动语态
一、定义
1. 语态：句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。英语动词有两种语态，主
动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2. 被动语态：主语是动作的接受者（承受者），汉语中常用“被…”用来表示被动。
二、被动语态结构： be 动词 +及物动词过去分词（+by 动作的发出者）
说明：
①be 动词有时态，人称和数的变化。
② 被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者
三、被动语态的使用
1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用 by 短语。 “Mr.
White, the cup was broken. ”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。
2. 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用 by 短语。如：The cup was broken by
Paul.
四、主动语态与被动语态之间的转换
（1） My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
→ I was invited (by my aunt) to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的 be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词 by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原
句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用 in + 地点名词作状语。
五、各种时态的被动语态
主要体现在 be 的变化上，其形式与系动词 be 的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：
1.一般现在时态：am/is/are + vt 过去分词
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
1
2.一般过去时态: was/ were + vt 过去分词
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.
3.含有情态动词: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词
Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.
4.一般将来时: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
5.现在进行时态: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词
The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
6.过去进行时态: was / were + being+ vt 过去分词
My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.
7.现在完成时态: have/has been + vt 过去分词
Twenty more keys have been made by us.
六．在被动语态中要注意的问题
1.使役动词(let, have, make 等)或感官动词(see, hear, watch,等)在主动语态中，后面接的动词不定式省略
to，改为被动语态时一定要补上 to。但当使用 see/hear/watch sb doing sth 时，变为被动语态时，doing 不
变。
如： The boss makes the workers work all day.
The workers are made to work all day by the boss.
2.动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。
take care of → be taken care of cut down → be cut down
laugh at → be laughed at look after → be looked after
3.主动表被动的情况
1）表物体本身属性的，如：sell/wash/write well
2）发生与所属，如：take place/happen/belong to
3）感官动词，如 smell/feel/look/sound/taste
练习:
1.I won't leave my office until my work____________.
A. finish B. will finish C. are finished D. is finished
2.A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It ___________ while we were on holiday.
A. was taken care B. take care of
C.is taken care of D. was taken care of
3.Chinese ____________ by more and more people from all over the world.
A. learn B. learned C. is learned D. was learned
4. ---Could you tell me whom the radio ___________by?
---Sorry, I have no idea.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
5. - Did you go to Jack's birthday party?
2
-No，I______________.
A. am not invited B. wasn't invited
C. haven't invited D. didn't invite
6. A speech on the history of Beijing_____________ in the school hall next Monday.
A. is given B. gives C. will give D. will be given
7. They have collected more than 14,000 books since the library__________ last month.
A. built B. was built C. builds D. is built
8. This pair of shoes ____________Mom，and it____________ very comfortable.
A. was made with; is felt B. were made from; is felt
C. were made by; feels D. was made by; feels
9. - How clean your car is!
-Thank you. It___________ very often.
A. is washed B. washes C. was washed D. washed
10.This kind of skirt__________ well.
A. sells B. sell C.is sold D. are sold
【答案】
1. D
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. D
6. D
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. A
被动语态练习
一、单选题
1．（2020·重庆中考真题）When I was young, I ________ by my grandparents.
A．look after B．looked after C．am looked after D．was looked after
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：当我小的时候，我是由祖父母照顾的。
考查一般过去时被动语态。look after 一般现在时；looked after 一般过去时；am looked after 一般现在时被
动语态；was looked after 一般过去时被动语态。when 引导时间状语从句，从句中 was 是一般过去时，主句
3
期末复习三 九年级Unit1-10重点语法3(被动语态)-初三《新题速递·英语》（同步课堂必刷题）11月刊(解析版).docx

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