《英语初升高衔接大串讲》专题6.非谓语动词之动词-ed形式

3.0 envi 2025-02-21 15 4 76.81KB 8 页 3知币
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动词-ed 形式
一．动词加-ed 只有一种形式，在句中可作：表，定，状，宾补，不可作主语和宾语。
1. 过去分词作表语一般用来表示被动、完成或感受或状态
The cup is broken.
We were very interested in the novel she gave us yesterday.
此类情感动词：
delight, disappoint, astonish, excite, frighten, interest, puzzle, exhaust, satisfy, surprise, scare,
please, tire, move, shock, astonish 等.
eg: He is disappointed. / The doctor was surprised at the news.
He is disappointing./ The news was surprising.
2. 过去分词可以作宾语补足语, 通常用于下列两类动词后:
感官动词: think, hear, feel, see, watch 等. I have never heard this song sung in English.
注意变被动句：This song has never been heard sung in English.
使役动词: get, have, make, help 等. He made it known to everyone that he was right
3. 过去分词作定语:
前定: the risen sun, fallen leaves, boiled water（不及物动词，表主动，已完成）
a broken cup, a locked car, a painted wall（及物动词，表被动）
后定, 相当于一个定从. The meeting held yesterday is about air pollution.
4. 过去分词作状语,修饰主句的谓动, 相当与状从, 表时间, 原因, 条件,伴随状况等.
Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like a lion.(时间)
Criticized unfairly, she left the office without saying a word.（原因）=Having been criticized
Watered once a day, the flower will grow very well.（条件）
He stood there, fascinated by the singing.（伴随）
二．不同的非谓动作相同句子成分的区别
Fishing is his hobby. (经常性)
作主语： To study abroad is his dream.（具体一次性）
My dream is to travel around the world. （解释主语）
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My job is cleaning the streets every day. （解释主语）
作表语： My job is boring. （描述主语）
My cup is broken.（被动）
He is interesting.（主语令人…）
He is excited. （主语感到…）
I plan to spend my holidays at home.
作宾语： He didn’t mind being laughed at.
He meant to go shopping with her.
I want to drink some boiled water. （不及物动词，不表被动，仅表完成）
作定语： He is sitting in the waiting room. (表用途)
The professor to give us a speech is from America. （主动，未发生）
The man to be taken to hospital is badly ill.（被动，未发生）
The man giving us a speech now is very handsome.（主动，正发生）
The man being talked about now is a manager.（被动，正发生）
The meeting held yesterday is interesting.（被动，已发生）
The first to finish the task was praised. (被修饰词为序数词)
I asked her to go there with me.
I don’t allow my room to be painted red.
作宾补： I had him wash my clothes every day.
I had my clothes washed every day.
He had his machine working all day long.
He made his machine working all day long.（错）
In order to catch the first bus, he got up early.
He got up early to/in order to/ so as to catch the first bus.
He was too excited to say anything.
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He was so excited as to cry.
He hurried there, only to find nobody was there.
Looking at the cat, he smiled.
He lay in the bed, reading a novel.
作状语： Having finished the work, he went back home.
Being questioned by the police, he cried.
Having been hit by the car, he was badly injured.=Hit by the car, he was …
Seen from the hill, the city looks smaller.
Surprised/ Disappointed/ Scared, he left there at once. (情感动词)
When asked by the police, he admitted all he did.
When watching TV, he fell asleep.
另：连词 if, once, unless, until, when, while, as, although…+ doing（主动）/done(被动) +主句
before, after + doing(主动) /being done(被动)
eg:
Once seeing the girl, you will fall in love with her at first sight.
Once begun, the project can’t be changed.
After being questioned by the police, the man was put into prison.
The result of the exam is better than expected.
（五）几个特殊动词 seat, devote, dress, lose …的谓动与非谓动的用法
He seated himself/ his wife next to me.
He was seated next to me./Be seated please!
区别：He sat next to me.
He devoted himself/ all his life/ all his time to teaching.
谓动 He/ All his life/ All his energy was devoted to teaching.
He dressed himself/ his son in a sweater.
He was dressed in a sweater.
区别: He was wearing a sweater./ He put on a raincoat, and then went out.
He lost himself in playing computer games. /He was lost in playing … games.
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《英语初升高衔接大串讲》专题6.非谓语动词之动词-ed形式.docx

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