《新初三英语暑假讲义（译林牛津版）》第1讲 语法复习--present perfect tense现在完成时

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第一讲 语法复习--present perfect tense 现在完成时
一、 知识整合
现在完成时是初二下学期特别重要的知识点，一般会从现在完成时的基本结构，表示的意义，时间标志词；
瞬间动词和延续性动词以及现在完成时和一般过去时的区别来进行考察。现在完成时在考试中占据很大的
比例，同学做这类题目的时候，一定要仔细读题，联系现在完成时的知识点，认真做题。
现在完成时：动作过去发生，持续到现在，并且对现在产生了影响
1.基本结构：have/has done
句式：
1)肯定句：主语＋have/has+过去分词＋其他成分
2)否定句：主语＋have/has+not+过去分词＋其他成分
3)一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语＋过去分词＋其他成分
2.表示的意义
1)表示“影响及结果”。
e.g.I have already finished my homework.（影响及结果：我已经做好了作业，可以安心了。）
e.g.I haven't finished my homework yet.（影响及结果：我还没有做好，需要抓紧时间了。）
2)表示“动作的持续”。
for+“一段时间”，表示多久
e.g.We have learned English for six years.
since+过去时间（起点），表示自。。。以来
e.g.We have learned English since 2012.
e.g.We have learned English since six years ago.
e.g.We have learned English since we were young.
3)表示“动作量的积累”。
e.g.By now,she has learned 5 English songs.
e.g.I have been to Beijing twice.
3.时间标志词。
1)表示“影响及结果”：
already,yet（否定句/疑问句句末）,ever,never,just,before
2)表示“动作持续到现在”：
for+时间段，since+过去时间点
3)表示“动作量的积累”：
1
up to now,by now,until now,till now,so far,once,twice...
4.含有持续长度时间状语的现在完成时句子中，不能用短暂性动词，而应使用持续性动词，或相当于可
持续性动词的动词短语。 如：
5. 易考词组区分
have been to 去了某地，已回
have gone to 去了某地，未回
have been in（+sp.） 延续性动作，后接地点，表示一直待在某地
二、同步练习
现在完成时是较难掌握、中考考查较多的时态。涉及的考点有：
一、考查其构成
"助动词 have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如：
1. Kate's never seen Chinese films，____ ?
A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she
2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)
His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.
3. --Ann has gone to Shanghai. --So ______her parents.
A. has B. had C. did D. have
二、考查其用法与标志词
1、当句中有 never, ever, just, already, yet, before 等时，常用现在完成时。如：
1. --Mum, may I go out and play basketball? 　--______you______ your homework yet?
A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished
2. --______ you ______anywhere before? --Yes, but I can't remember where I______
2
A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed
2、当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"或"how long..."进行提问等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语
动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如：
1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice ______he came to Yunnan.
　A. after B. before C. since D. for
2. Tom ______the CD player for two weeks.
　A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had
3. I ______a letter from him since he left.
　A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard
3、考查 have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如：
1. --Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?　--Yes, I have.
　A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to
2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years.
　A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been
4、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如：
1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years. (改成正确的句子)
2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years. (改为同义句)
　________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.
3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket.
　A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming
现在完成时专项练习题
一、单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ________what's happened to him.
A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he?
A. already B.never C.ever D.still
3、Have you met Mr. Li ______?
A. just B. ago Ｃ.before D. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A.is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes. I hope it will be even ______.
A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A.was ; studying B.will ; study C.has ; studied D.are; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A.know B.had known C.have known D.knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice.
A. will see B. have seen C.saw Ｄ.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really? When _____ there?
A.will they go B.did they go C.do they go D. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
A.Did ; do ; finished B.Have; done; finished
C.Have; done; have finished D.will; do; finish
3
《新初三英语暑假讲义（译林牛津版）》第1讲 语法复习--present perfect tense现在完成时.docx

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作者：envi 分类：初中 价格：3知币 属性：7 页 大小：35.71KB 格式：DOCX 时间：2025-02-21

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