《九年级英语寒假讲义（外研版）》专题08 任务型阅读（解析版）

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任务型阅读
一、细节理解题
细节理解题是原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。这类题在原文中可
直接找到答案,常用一般疑问句、选择疑问句以及由 who, what, where, when, why 和how 等引导的特殊疑问
句来提问。这类题型的提问方式常为:
Do your eyes need everyday attention?
When/Where did the story happen?
Who put rubbish into different bags?
凡是针对特定事实细节的考题,其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到相应的文字作为验证。回答此
类问题一般采取寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再进行分析
对比,找出答案。
例原文:On the first day of school, our professor introduced a little old lady to us.
问题:Who did the professor introduce on the first day of school?
思路:通过审题后寻读,考生应回答:A little old lady.
二、主旨大意题
此类问题主要考查学生概括文章主旨或段落大意的能力,其主要目的是培养学生归纳主要信息的能
力。现在初中学生阅读时的普遍问题是文章大意基本能看懂,但缺乏归纳主题和写作目的的能力,而这恰恰
是阅读教学的主要目的。
主旨大意题的提问方式通常是:What is the main idea of the passage? /What is the passage mainly
about? /What is the purpose of the writer’s writing the passage? /What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? /What
does the writer want to tell us?
由于文章的主旨大意通常会出现在首尾段或段落的首尾句,所以回答此类型题一般采用略读法。略读
时要特别注意短文的首段、首句或末句,一般文章的主旨大意就在这里。抓住每段中的关键词语,便可以迅
速把握短文的主旨以及主要信息的分布,在答题时就心中有数了。
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★有些文章主旨大意清晰明了,考生只需从原文中提取信息即可。
例 原 文 :Each educational system has its own advantages. For example, the Japanese students learn more
math and science than American students by the end of high school. The advantage of the educational system in
America is that students learn to think by themselves. The teaching method makes them more creative.
问题:What does the writer want to tell us?
思路:通过略读寻找关键句,考生应回答:Each educational system has its own advantages.
★有些文章除了需要把握首尾段或段落首尾关键句之外,考生还要把握全文结构,分清段落层次,从而归
纳出主旨大意。
例 原文:首段末句:But what about blue food?
第二段末句:Children still preferred the sweets that were the usual colors of red, green, brown, yellow and
orange.
第三段末句:This is perhaps why we don’t usually use blue food coloring for drinks, cakes and other food.
第四段首句:Some people say we eat with our eyes.
尾段:So will we ever see blue foods on our plates? The answer seems to be “no”, at least in countries like the
UK and the USA.
问题:What is the passage mainly about?
思路:通过略读寻找首尾段的关键句,并结合人们不喜欢蓝色食物的现象以及原因,考生应总结答案
为:People don’t like the blue food and the reasons.
三、信息归纳题
该类题目要求考生能在短文中找到题目所涉及的事实性细节,并能适当进行归纳表达。在找到相关细
节信息之后,有时可照搬原文信息轻松作答,有时还要对事实性信息进行适当整理。解答信息归纳题时,一方
面要在对全文理解的基础上采取寻读策略,找到相应的原文信息;另一方面要使用词语的恰当词性。很多学
生在考试时就没有注意到词性的要求。因此,做这类题要回答全面,也要表述正确。
例 原文:I never knew her and nor did I know what to do, but I was there, saying some comforting words to a
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stranger in pain. I asked her to stand still for a few minutes. We then looked for a place for her to sit. From out of
nowhere, her friend joined us.
问题:What did the writer do for the girl?
思路:通过寻读并整合信息,考生应回答出两点:The writer said some comforting words to her and looked
for a place for her to sit.
一
任务型阅读
Everyone needs to sleep． During the day you work and play； at night you sleep． Your body rests while
you are asleep． In the morning you are ready to work，study or play again． If you sleep well at night， you
can work or learn better in the day．
Your body grows more while you are asleep． No one can live without sleeping． If a child is tired， he
usually needs more sleep． You will be tired or will not be able to listen to your teacher in class or can't work
well if you do not have enough sleep at night A baby will cry loudly if you wake him or her up when he or she is
sleeping． You can work harder at your lessons， after you have had enough rest Some of the students hope to
learn more before exams， so they study till late at night But they feel very tired in the day and they may forget
more．
Boys and girls of eight or nine need ten hours of sleep every night ． Your body needs plenty of air when
you sleep． If you do not get enough fresh air， you will feel tired when you wake up． While in bed you must
not cover your head． Your lung needs to get enough air． If you open your windows at night， you can have
plenty of fresh air． Cool air is better than warm air． Get enough sleep if you， boys and girls，want to be
strong and healthy．
（1）If you sleep well at night， you　 　better in the day．
（2）No one can　 　without sleeping．
（3）Some students may feel very tired in the day and they　 　if they study till late at night before exams．
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《九年级英语寒假讲义（外研版）》专题08 任务型阅读（解析版）.docx

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作者：envi 分类：初中 价格：3知币 属性：18 页 大小：43.93KB 格式：DOCX 时间：2025-02-21

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