《八年级英语下册同步课堂(人教版)》Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came—Grammar

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Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
Grammar
过去进行时
一、定义及结构
1. 定义
过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。
2. 结构:be (过去式)+ 动词-ing
二、用法
1. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事情发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作
发生。常用的时间状语 whenwhile
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔了下来。
It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
They left the station while it was raining. 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候,阳光灿烂。
【易混辨析】
when while 的区别
1when 意为,可
when 引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。从句中的谓语动词可以是延
续性动词,也可以是瞬间动词。
I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时,我正在看书。
2while 意为"当……的时候",只表示时间段,常指某个时间段,由 while 导的时间状语
句,主句用一般过去时,从句用过去进行时。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词,且多用于进行时
强调主句与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。
While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 吉姆正在修他的自行车时,林涛来看他了。
2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来
表示。常用的时间状语:this morningthe whole morningall day yesterdayfrom nine to ten last
evening
1
What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么?(介词短语表示时间
点)
When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when 从 句表
示时间点)
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
3. 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用
过去进行时。
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报纸。(两个动作都
是延续性的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
4. 通 常 不 能 用 于 过 去 进 行 时 的 动 词 主 要 有 :
agree be believe belong care forget hate have( 拥 有 )
hearknowlikelovemeanmindnoticeownrememberseemsupposeunderstandwa
ntwish 等。
误:I was knowing the answer.
正:I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误:I wasn’t understanding him.
正:I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
三、与一般过去时的区别
1. 一般过去时叙述旧事,过去进行时描述背景。
A. 一般过去时
1)叙述过去状态、动作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.(带具体时间)
2)表示过去的习惯
would① ,used to 与过去时
would 表间断性不规则的习惯,常带频率时间;used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯。
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. (过去行为)
2
would② 不可用于句首,只表示过去的习惯。used to 表示今昔对比的含义,叙述习惯动作时可
would 换用。
When he was a boy, he would often go there. (叙述过去)
She isn’t what she used to be. (今昔对比)
③ 表示状态时一般只用 used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态)
was (were) used to +v-ing④ 表示"合适于,适应于……"
He used to work at night. ("习惯",表经常)
He was used to working at night. ("习惯",表适应)
3)表示过去的经历,平行动作,依次事件用一般过去时。
He sat there and listened to the radio. (依次发生)
4)表示客气委婉的语气,用于情态动词,助动词和 wantwonderhope
How did you like the film?
Could you help me?
B. 过去进行时
1)表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生的动作
What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)
2)与 alwaysoftenusually 等连用表示喜爱、讨厌等感情色彩。
He was always changing his mind.
C. 进行时表某一行为的"片断";一般时表示行为的"整体"和存在的状态。
I was reading the book at that time. (未读完,"读"的片段)
I read the book yesterday. (已读完,表整个"读")
D. 表示在过去的某段时间里一直反复持续进行的动作。
It was raining all night.
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.
E. while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。
He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.[来源
F. while 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时,但若是持续动词可都用一般
过去时,两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时,长的用进行时。
3
《八年级英语下册同步课堂(人教版)》Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came—Grammar.docx

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