专题03 语法归纳(记忆版) 九年级上册英语期末备考大礼包(牛津深圳版)

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牛津深圳版 2019-2020 学年九年级上册期末备考--语法归纳
一、反意疑问句
()含义及构成:
反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它表示提问的人对陈述的事实没有把握,需要对方证实反意疑问句由两部
分构成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句。前后两部分在人称、数、时态等方面必
须保持一致,如:
She often has lunch at school, doesn't she?
You don't like sports, do you?
()使用反意疑问句时要遵循以下三条原则:
1、“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”,如:
They are very late for the meeting, aren't they?
You can't do it, can you?
2、前后两句主语保持一致,如:b
3、前后两句时态保持一致,问句部分的助动词要由陈述句部分的谓语动词决定,如:
They will go to town soon, won't they?(不能用 don't they? aren't they?
He works very hard, doesn't he?(不能用 didn't he?won't he?
()反意疑问句的答语:
  回答遵循一个原则,那就是不管怎么提问,只要事实是肯定的,就用“ Yes,肯定回答”;只要事实
是否定的,就用“No,否定回答”。但在前否后肯的反意疑问句中,其答语与汉语翻译不同,Yes 要翻译
成“不”,No 要翻译成“是”。
—You will never forget him, will you? 你永远不会忘记他,是吗?
—YesI will. 不,我会忘记。
—NoI won't. 是的,我不会忘记。
()反意疑问句的特殊用法:
1、反意疑问句的陈述部分为 I am……时,问句部分习惯上用 aren't I?表示。如:
I am a very honest man, aren't I?
2、陈述部分的主语为 somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one),
everybody(everyone)等表示人的复合不定代词时,问句部分的主语用 he they,这时问句动词的数应和 he
they 一致。如:
Someone has taken the seat, hasn't he/ haven't they?
3、陈述部something, anything, nothing, everything 的不句部
1
it。如:
Something is wrong with the computer, isn't it?
4、当陈述部分的主语是指示代词 thisthat thesethose 时,附加疑问句的主语分别用 it they,例如:
This/That is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机,是吗?
These/Those are grapes, aren't they? 这些是葡萄,是吗?
5、陈述部分为 There (Here) + be + 主语时,问句部分用动词+there(here)?如:
There are two cakes on the plate, aren't there?
Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn't here?
6、陈述部分带有 little, few, never, hardly, seldom 等表示否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定形式。如:
She never tells a lie, does she?(不用 doesn't she?
7、如果陈述部分含有由 un-, im-, in-, dis-等否定意义的前缀或后缀时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部
分仍然用否定形式。如:
Your father is unhappy, isn't he?(不能用 is he?
8、当陈述部分含有情态动词 must 时,视情况而定。
(1)must 作“一定要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用 mustn't needn't
He must work hard at physics, mustn't he?
(2)must 表示推测时,问句部分需根据 must 后的动词形式决定。如:
Tom must be at home, isn't he?
You must have got up late this morning, didn't you?
You must have made a mistake, haven't you?
9、陈述部分含 used to 时,问句部分用 didn't usedn't
He used to live in the country, didn't he?/usedn't he?
10、陈述部分含 had better 时,问句部分用 hadn't +主语?
You'd better tell him about the matter, hadn't you?
11、当陈述部分为含有宾语从句的复合句时
(1)若陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that 从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与
陈述部分主句的动词和主语保持一致。如:
They all think that English is very important, don't they? (不用 isn't it?
He didn't think that the news was true, did he? (不用 wasn't/ was it?
(2)若陈述部分为 I(We) don't think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that 从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动
词和主语仍与 that 从句保持一致且用肯定式。如:
I don't think that you can do it, can you? (不用 do I?
2
We don't believe that the news is true, is it? (不用 do we?
12、若陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that 从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分主
句的动词和主语保持一致。如:
They said that you had finished your work, didn't they? (不用 hadn't you
Kate told you that she would go there, didn't she? (不用 wouldn't she?
13、当陈述部分为祈使句时
(1)不管是肯定还是否定,问句一般用“will you?”,陈述部分是肯定祈使句时,问句部分一般用 will you
式表示请求,用 won't you 形式表示委婉请求或邀请;陈述部分为否定祈使句时,问句部分一般用 will you?
如:
Please open the window, will you?(won't you?)
Don't make any noise, will you?
(2)陈述部分为 Let us……时,问句部分习惯上用 will you? 陈述部分为 Let's……时,问句部分习惯上用 shall
we?如:
Let us stop to rest, will you?
Let's go home together, shall we?
(3)陈述部分为 Let me……时,问句部分习惯上用 shall I? will you?形式。如:
Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
二、句子种类
句子种类结构图
肯定句 eg: I like going hiking.
陈述句
(陈述一件事) 否定句 eg: I can’t swim.
一般疑问句: be 动词、情态动词、助动词 do/does/did 开头
特殊疑问句:以 what/how/why/when/where/which...等开头
疑问句 选择疑问句( ...or ....):提供选择供对方选
句子 (发问) 反意疑问句:“陈述部分+反问部分?”
do 型:动原开头 Take a seat, please.
肯定祈使句 Let 型: let 开头 Let’s go
祈使句 Don’t : Don’t 开头 Don’t leave me alone.
(表请求、命令等) 否定祈使句
No 型: No 开头 No kidding !
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专题03 语法归纳(记忆版) 九年级上册英语期末备考大礼包(牛津深圳版).doc

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